Low-Level Arrow Parquet Reader

[tustvold]

Is your feature request related to a problem or challenge? Please describe what you are trying to do.

Currently we provide ParquetRecordBatchReader and ParquetRecordBatchStream as interfaces to read parquet data.

These interfaces are relatively straightforward to use, but have limitations:

• Cannot easily support concurrent decode (Parquet: How to do concurrent decoding over columns? #5120)
• Limited flexibility w.r.t how data is fetched or decoded (Support customizing row group reading process in async reader #5141)
• Avoid decoding columns multiple times in the presence of predicates (improve: reuse Arc<dyn Array> in parquet record batch reader. #4864)

There is the experimental ArrayReader interface, however, this is very hard to use correctly and exposes a lot of what should probably remain implementation details.

Describe the solution you'd like

I would like an interface, perhaps similar in spirit to that added to the write side by #4871, that achieves the following:

• Makes it easy to parallelise both:
  • The decoding of the parquet leaf columns
  • The re-assembly of the arrow data from the dremel encodings
• Facilitates overriding the data source, e.g. by exposing the RowGroups trait
• Avoids exposing too many internal implementation details

Describe alternatives you've considered

Additional context

[Xuanwo]

Hi, I started a PR for this, please take a look, thanks!

#6907