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<h4 class="author" property="dc:created" content="2011-12-02T01:16:05">December 2, 2011</h4>
<h4 class="author">by <span property="dc:creator">bnf</span></h4>
<p> </p>
<hr />
<h4>Other articles by bnf</h4>
<dl>
<dt><a href="/and/ufo2otf-makes-otfs-webfonts-and-css-from-ufo">ufo2otf Makes OTF’s, Webfonts and CSS From UFO’s</a></dt>
<dd>November 5, 2013 8:57 PM</dd>
<dt><a href="/and/it-might-be-a-unix-sin-but-i-would-like-you-to-add-dot-t-x-t-as-the-extension-of-your-readme-file">It Might Be a Unix Sin But I Would Like You to Add .txt As the Extension of Your README file</a></dt>
<dd>April 30, 2013 7:51 PM</dd>
<dt><a href="/and/programmatically-manipulating-typefaces">Programmatically manipulating typefaces</a></dt>
<dd>May 2, 2012 11:43 AM</dd>
<dt><a href="/and/downloading-funghi">Downloading funghi, from Wikimedia Commons</a></dt>
<dd>February 3, 2012 5:36 PM</dd>
<dt><a href="/and/vector-pixels">Vector pixels</a></dt>
<dd>November 25, 2011 4:14 PM</dd>
</dl>
<h4>bnf’s comments</h4>
<ul>
<li>Dear Ned, thanks for your reaction, and the link to ... <a href="/and/hackers-culture-and-the-fear-of-wysiwyg#comment-317" title="full comment on: Hacker Culture and the Fear of WYSIWYG">read more</a></li>
<li>As a programmer, what I find more worrying is that ... <a href="/and/hackers-culture-and-the-fear-of-wysiwyg#comment-311" title="full comment on: Hacker Culture and the Fear of WYSIWYG">read more</a></li>
<li>Welcome <a href="/and/hackers-culture-and-the-fear-of-wysiwyg#comment-310" title="full comment on: Hacker Culture and the Fear of WYSIWYG">read more</a></li>
<li>Comparatively, the offer of WYSIWYG libraries is meagre. Luckily, the ... <a href="/and/hackers-culture-and-the-fear-of-wysiwyg#comment-307" title="full comment on: Hacker Culture and the Fear of WYSIWYG">read more</a></li>
<li>Good call. So I should add a part to the ... <a href="/and/ufo2otf-makes-otfs-webfonts-and-css-from-ufo#comment-271" title="full comment on: ufo2otf Makes OTF’s, Webfonts and CSS From UFO’s">read more</a></li>
<li>By the way, a related project (that might make ufo2otf ... <a href="/and/ufo2otf-makes-otfs-webfonts-and-css-from-ufo#comment-269" title="full comment on: ufo2otf Makes OTF’s, Webfonts and CSS From UFO’s">read more</a></li>
<li>Never mind, I have found a solution more easy still. ... <a href="/and/48-hours-of-writing-stylesheets-with-etherpad-and-a-gong#comment-268" title="full comment on: 48 Hours of Writing Stylesheets with Etherpad and a Gong">read more</a></li>
<li>In PHP, it would be something like this:<?php header("Content-type: text/css"); ... <a href="/and/48-hours-of-writing-stylesheets-with-etherpad-and-a-gong#comment-267" title="full comment on: 48 Hours of Writing Stylesheets with Etherpad and a Gong">read more</a></li>
<li>With PHP, there still exists some link between the urls ... <a href="/and/48-hours-of-writing-stylesheets-with-etherpad-and-a-gong#comment-263" title="full comment on: 48 Hours of Writing Stylesheets with Etherpad and a Gong">read more</a></li>
<li>hh <a href="/and/no-one-starts-from-scratch-type-design-and-the-logic-of-the-fork#comment-254" title="full comment on: No-one Starts From Scratch: Type Design and the Logic of the Fork">read more</a></li>
</ul>
<hr />
<h4>Other writers</h4>
<ul>
<li>glit</li>
<li>jenseits</li>
<li>habitus</li>
<li>tellyou</li>
<li>baseline</li>
<li>bnf</li>
</ul>
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<p class="byline">
<a href="/and/absolute-beginners-unix-for-art-students-part-1">Previous</a>
/ <a href="/and/hybrid-publishing-back-to-the-future-publishing-theses-at-the-kabk">Next</a>
</p>
<div class="article grid_3 alpha omega suffix_2">
<h4 property="mt:entry_title">Absolute Beginners: Unix for Art Students – Part 2</h4>
<article property="mt:entry_id" content="35" class="entry" id="entry-35">
<p><a href="/and/assets/called/absolute_beginners_figlet.png">
<img src="/and/assets/scaled/to/830/wide/and/called/absolute_beginners_figlet.png" alt="You see a Macintosh OS X 10.6 desktop with the standard background, purple spacescape, the sole program open is the terminal program, showing an ascii art that reads: ââ¬ÅAbsolute beginnersââ¬Â." title="" style="width:830px;height:518px;" />
</a></p>
<p>If I type</p>
<pre>$ figlet absolute beginners</pre>
<p>into my terminal, this is what I get:</p>
<pre> _ _ _
__ _| |__ ___ ___ | |_ _| |_ ___
/ _` | '_ \/ __|/ _ \| | | | | __/ _ \
| (_| | |_) \__ \ (_) | | |_| | || __/
\__,_|_.__/|___/\___/|_|\__,_|\__\___|
_ _
| |__ ___ __ _(_)_ __ _ __ ___ _ __ ___
| '_ \ / _ \/ _` | | '_ \| '_ \ / _ \ '__/ __|
| |_) | __/ (_| | | | | | | | | __/ | \__ \
|_.__/ \___|\__, |_|_| |_|_| |_|\___|_| |___/
|___/
</pre>
<p>Figlet has proved to be a gateway drug for extended terminal usage. Figlet is not on your computer by default though. Even though your mac comes with a lot of unix software already, not a lot of it is graphics software. To install new software you need to install what is called a package manager, as explained in <a href="/and/installing-compilers">I like tight pants and installing compilers</a>. This article will continue with an introduction that tells you how to use the terminal!</p>
<p>In your Applications folder, choose Accessories, and open Terminal. Now you can talk with your computer. He can tell you who you are. Type:</p>
<pre>$ whoami</pre>
<p>(without the $ and the space, that’s just a convention to denote text that you enter into the terminal). And press enter. The computer outputs your username! The computer also knows where you are, at least where you are on the hard disk. Enter:</p>
<pre>$ pwd</pre>
<p>And the computer will repond with <code>/Users/yourusername</code>. It would make sense if you could say <code>whereami</code> but consistency is not Unix greatest strength. You are now in what is called your home folder.<br />
You can always return to your home folder by typing:</p>
<pre>$ cd</pre>
<p><code>cd</code> is also the commando to use to go to another folder. You can use the tab button to make this go quicker.<br />
Type, by example:</p>
<pre>$ cd Do(tab)</pre>
<p>You will see</p>
<pre>Documents/ Downloads/</pre>
<p>Complete further to</p>
<pre>$ cd Doc(tab)</pre>
<p>And your line will be extended to form:</p>
<pre>$ cd Documents/</pre>
<p>When you push enter, you will arrive into the folder Documents. You can check this by again typing</p>
<pre>$ pwd</pre>
<p>To see what files are part of the folder you are in:</p>
<pre>$ ls</pre>
<p>You can also check this in the finder, if you want. You can use the terminal and the finder at the same time. This can make it easier to learn what is going on. You can launch the finder from the terminal.</p>
<pre>$ open .</pre>
<p><code>.</code> refers to the current folder. <code>open .</code> will open the current folder with the associated program, which is the finder.</p>
<p>To make a new empty file:</p>
<pre>$ touch my_text_file.txt</pre>
<p>If you still have the Finder open, you will see it appear! To open with the text editor:</p>
<pre>$ open my_text_file.txt</pre>
<p>These are the basics of navigating around the terminal.</p>
</article>
<h4 class="comments-header">2 Comments</h4>
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<div property="mt:comment_id" content="134" id="comment-134" resource="/and/absolute-beginners-unix-for-art-students-part-2#comment-134" class="comment">
<div class="comment-editor" property="mt:comment_text">
To continue in this vain, starting from scratch, a really useful resource is <a href="http://cli.learncodethehardway.org/book/">The Command Line Crash Course — Controlling Your Computer From The Terminal</a> by Zed Shaw.
From there, it’s just practice really. Baseline takes the terminal to a practical application in <a href="/and/absolute-beginners-unix-for-art-students-part-3">I like tight pants and absolute beginners: unix for art students ââ¬â part 3</a>, and throughout this blog you will find scripts you can use from the terminal.
</div>
<p class="byline" >
<img src="/and/assets/that/are/pictures/of/author/tellyou.png" width="18" height="18" />
by <a property="dc:creator" href="http://i.liketightpants.net/authors#tellyou">tellyou</a> - <a href="/and/absolute-beginners-unix-for-art-students-part-2#comment-134"><span property="dc:created" content="2012-02-08T21:42:40">February 8, 2012 9:42 PM</span></a><br />
<a title="Reply" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="mtReplyCommentOnClick(134, 'tellyou')">Reply</a>
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<div property="mt:comment_id" content="153" id="comment-153" resource="/and/absolute-beginners-unix-for-art-students-part-2#comment-153" class="comment">
<div class="comment-editor" property="mt:comment_text">
<p>
By the way, those students trying this out on Windows, through <a href="http://www.cygwin.com/" title="Cygwin">Cygwin</a>,
There is nothing in your home folder initially. That is because Cygwin makes its own version of the unix file system on your hard disk, contained within the cygwin folder. So while in cygwin your home directery appears as <code>/home/tellyou/</code> for example, it is not the same home as your Windows home directory. The actual location of the cygwin home folder on your hard drive will then be <code>c:\cygwin\home\tellyou\</code>.
So while you can do <code>ls</code> in you home folder, you will see nothing (as there are no files) and you won’t be able to <code>cd</code> anywhere. Also the <code>open</code> command is unique to Mac OS X and does not exist in other Unix flavours. The <code>touch</code> command does work as expected. So you can touch a new file, and then open through the explorer.
To install new software on Cygwin, you need to rerun the Cygwin <code>setup.exe</code> you downloaded to install Cygwin initially. You can then select additional packages to install alongside. Use the searchbar to quickly find <code>figlet</code>, for example.
</p>
</div>
<p class="byline" >
<img src="/and/assets/that/are/pictures/of/author/tellyou.png" width="18" height="18" />
by <a property="dc:creator" href="http://i.liketightpants.net/authors#tellyou">tellyou</a> - <a href="/and/absolute-beginners-unix-for-art-students-part-2#comment-153"><span property="dc:created" content="2012-04-08T20:49:16">April 8, 2012 8:49 PM</span></a><br />
<a title="Reply" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="mtReplyCommentOnClick(153, 'tellyou')">Reply</a>
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<h4>Latest Comments</h4>
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<li><strong>Sujon Ahmad:</strong> Keep it up <a href="/and/release-early-release-often-version-numbers-for-typefaces#comment-338" title="full comment on: Release Early Release Often Version Numbers For Typefaces">read more</a></li>
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<li><strong>habitus:</strong> Dear Ian, thank you for taking the time to respond. ... <a href="/and/who-makes-standards#comment-333" title="full comment on: Who gets to write the web: the power struggles around the standards">read more</a></li>
<li><strong>Ian Hickson:</strong> The part about the WHATWG membership is wrong. The WHATWG ... <a href="/and/who-makes-standards#comment-332" title="full comment on: Who gets to write the web: the power struggles around the standards">read more</a></li>
<li><strong>Erik:</strong> Good points. Also: writing UI is hard. <a href="/and/the-underwater-screen-or-lessons-from-wordperfect#comment-327" title="full comment on: The Underwater Screen Or Lessons From Wordperfect ">read more</a></li>
<li><strong>nike shox:</strong> do not want to be t basket vans femme pas ... <a href="/and/no-one-starts-from-scratch-type-design-and-the-logic-of-the-fork#comment-324" title="full comment on: No-one Starts From Scratch: Type Design and the Logic of the Fork">read more</a></li>
<li><strong>Tolan Blundell:</strong> As someone who's written a moderately complex CMS from scratch ... <a href="/and/hackers-culture-and-the-fear-of-wysiwyg#comment-323" title="full comment on: Hacker Culture and the Fear of WYSIWYG">read more</a></li>
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