README

NAME
    Net::Twitter - Perl interface to twitter.com

VERSION
    This document describes Net::Twitter version 2.12

SYNOPSIS
       #!/usr/bin/perl

       use Net::Twitter;

       my $twit = Net::Twitter->new({username=>"myuser", password=>"mypass" });

       my $result = $twit->update({status => "My current Status"});

       my $twit->credentials("otheruser", "otherpass");

       my $result = $twit->update({status => "Status for otheruser"});

       my $result = $twitter->search('Albi the racist dragon');

       foreach my $tweet (@{ $results }) {
         my $speaker =  $tweet->{from_user};
         my $text = $tweet->{text};
         my $time = $tweet->{created_at};
         print "$time <$speaker> $text\n";
       }

        my $steve = $twitter->search('Steve');
        $twitter->update($steve .'? Who is steve?');

DESCRIPTION
    http://www.twitter.com provides a web 2.0 type of ubiquitous presence.
    This module allows you to set your status, as well as review the
    statuses of your friends.

    You can view the latest status of Net::Twitter on it's own twitter
    timeline at http://twitter.com/net_twitter

METHODS AND ARGUMENTS
    Listed below are the methods available through the object.

    Please note that any method that takes a hashref as an argument must be
    called in the form:

        $twit->method({arg => "value"});

        and not

        $twit->method(arg => "value");

    If the curly brackets around the arguments are missing, the code which
    implements the convenience methods allowing you to specify a single
    argument as a string will interpret "arg" as your argument.

    "new(...)"
        You must supply a hash containing the configuration for the
        connection.

        Valid configuration items are:

        "username"
            Username of your account at twitter.com. This is usually your
            email address. "user" is an alias for "username". REQUIRED.

        "password"
            Password of your account at twitter.com. "pass" is an alias for
            "password" REQUIRED.

        "useragent"
            OPTIONAL: Sets the User Agent header in the HTTP request. If
            omitted, this will default to
            "Net::Twitter/$Net::Twitter::Version (Perl)"

        "useragent_class"
            OPTIONAL: An LWP::UserAgent compatible class, e.g.,
            LWP::UserAgent::POE. If omitted, this will default to
            LWP::UserAgent.

        "useragent_args"
            OPTIONAL: A hashref passed to this option will be passed along
            to the UserAgent "new()" call to specify its configuration. This
            will pass to whatever class is passed in "useragent_class", if
            any. See the POD for LWP::UserAgent for details.

            NOTE: Any value passed in this hashref for "agent" will be
            overwritten. If setting the useragent is necessary, use the
            "useragent" option to "new()"

        "no_fallback"
            OPTIONAL: If a "useragent_class" is specified but fails to load,
            the default behavior is to warn and fall back to using regular
            LWP::UserAgent. If "no_fallback" is set to a boolean true value,
            the "new" method will cause the code to "die"

        "source"
            OPTIONAL: Sets the source name, so messages will appear as "from
            <source>" instead of "from web". Defaults to displaying "Perl
            Net::Twitter". Note: see Twitter FAQ, your client source needs
            to be included at twitter manually.

            This value will be a code which is assigned to you by Twitter.
            For example, the default value is "twitterpm", which causes
            Twitter to display the "from Perl Net::Twitter" in your
            timeline.

            Twitter claims that specifying a nonexistant code will cause the
            system to default to "from web". If you don't have a code from
            twitter, don't set one.

        "clientname"
            OPTIONAL: Sets the X-Twitter-Client-Name: HTTP Header. If
            omitted, this defaults to "Perl Net::Twitter"

        "clientver"
            OPTIONAL: Sets the X-Twitter-Client-Version: HTTP Header. If
            omitted, this defaults to the current Net::Twitter version,
            $Net::Twitter::VERSION.

        "clienturl"
            OPTIONAL: Sets the X-Twitter-Client-URL: HTTP Header. If
            omitted, this defaults to "http://www.net-twitter.info".

        "apiurl"
            OPTIONAL. The URL of the API for twitter.com. This defaults to
            "http://twitter.com/" if not set.

        "apihost"
        "apirealm"
            OPTIONAL: If you do point to a different URL, you will also need
            to set "apihost" and "apirealm" so that the internal LWP can
            authenticate.

            "apihost" defaults to "www.twitter.com:80".

            "apirealm" defaults to "Twitter API".

        "identica"
            OPTIONAL: Passing a true value for identica to new() will preset
            values for "apiurl", "apirealm" and "apihost" which will point
            at the http://identi.ca twitter compatible API.

            All methods in Net::Twitter work as documented, except where
            listed in the identica/laconica documentation at:

            <http://laconi.ca/trac/wiki/TwitterCompatibleAPI>

            For simplicity, you can also use Net::Identica in your script
            instead of Net::Twitter, which will default to identica being
            set to true.

        "twittervision"
            OPTIONAL: If the "twittervision" argument is passed with a true
            value, the module will enable use of the
            <http://www.twittervision.com> API. If enabled, the "show_user"
            method will include relevant location data in its response
            hashref. Also, the "update_twittervision" method will allow
            setting of the current location.

        "skip_arg_validation"
            OPTIONAL: Beginning in 2.00, Net::Twitter will validate
            arguments passed to the various API methods, flagging required
            args that were not passed, and discarding args passed that do
            not exist in the API specification. Passing a boolean True for
            skip_arg_validation into new() will skip this validation process
            entirely and allow requests to proceed regardless of the args
            passed. This defaults to false.

        "die_on_validation"
            OPTIONAL: In the event that the arguments passed to a method do
            not pass the validation process listed above, the default action
            will be to warn the user, make the error readable through the
            get_error method listed below, and to return undef to the
            caller. Passing a boolean true value for die_on_validation to
            new() will change this behavior to simply executing a die() with
            the appropriate error message. This defaults to false.

        "arrayref_on_error"
            OPTIONAL: By default any methods which find an error, whether
            from twitter or from bad args, will return undef. Passing
            "arrayref_on_error" as a boolean TRUE to new() will cause all
            error states to return an empty arrayref instead. As most
            successful responses are in the form of arrayrefs, this will
            cause a uniform response type for all calls. All error messages
            and codes are still available with methods such as "get_error".

    "clone()"
        Returns a shallow copy of the Net::Twitter object. This can be used
        when Net::Twitter is used in a Parallel or Asynchronous framework to
        enable easier access to returned error values. All clones share the
        same LWP::UserAgent object, so calling "credentials()" will change
        the login credentials of all clones.

    "credentials($username, $password, $apihost, $apiurl)"
        Change the credentials for logging into twitter. This is helpful
        when managing multiple accounts.

        "apirealm" and "apihost" are optional and will default to the
        existing settings if omitted.

    "http_code"
        Returns the HTTP response code of the most recent request.

    "http_message"
        Returns the HTTP response message of the most recent request.

    "get_error"
        If the last request returned an error, the hashref containing the
        error message can be retrieved with "get_error". This will provide
        some additional debugging information in addition to the http code
        and message above.

  STATUS METHODS
    "update(...)"
        Set your current status. This returns a hashref containing your most
        recent status. Returns undef if an error occurs.

        The method accepts a hashref containing one or two arguments.

        "status"
            REQUIRED. The text of your status update.

        "in_reply_to_status_id"
            OPTIONAL. The ID of an existing status that the status to be
            posted is in reply to. This implicitly sets the
            in_reply_to_user_id attribute of the resulting status to the
            user ID of the message being replied to. Invalid/missing status
            IDs will be ignored.

    "update_twittervision($location)"
        If the "twittervision" argument is passed to "new" when the object
        is created, this method will update your location setting at
        twittervision.com.

        If the "twittervision" arg is not set at object creation, this
        method will return an empty hashref, otherwise it will return a
        hashref containing the location data.

    "show_status($id)"
        Returns status of a single tweet. The status' author will be
        returned inline.

        The argument is the ID or email address of the twitter user to pull,
        and is REQUIRED.

        This method can take the "id" argument passed to it either as a
        single string, or in a hashref with a key called "id".

    "destroy_status($id)"
        Destroys the status specified by the required ID parameter. The
        authenticating user must be the author of the specified status.

        This method can take the "id" argument passed to it either as a
        single string, or in a hashref with a key called "id".

    "user_timeline(...)"
        This returns an arrayref to an array of hashrefs, containing the 20
        (or more) posts from either the authenticating user (if no argument
        is passed), or from a specific user if the id field is passed in a
        hashref.

        Accepts an optional argument of a hashref:

        "id"
            OPTIONAL: ID or email address of a user other than the
            authenticated user, in order to retrieve that user's
            user_timeline.

        "since"
            OPTIONAL: Narrows the returned results to just those statuses
            created after the specified HTTP-formatted date.

        "since_id"
            OPTIONAL: Narrows the returned results to just those statuses
            created after the specified ID.

        "count"
            OPTIONAL: Narrows the returned results to a certain number of
            statuses. This is limited to 200.

        "page"
            OPTIONAL: Gets the 20 next most recent statuses from the
            authenticating user and that user's friends, eg "page=3".

        This method can take the "id" argument passed to it either as a
        single string, or in a hashref with a key called "id". If passed as
        a string, no other args can be specified.

    "public_timeline()"
        This returns an arrayref to an array of hashrefs, containing the
        information and status of each of the last 20 posts by all
        non-private twitter users.

    "friends_timeline(...)"
        Returns the 20 most recent statuses posted from the authenticating
        user and that user's friends. It's also possible to request another
        user's friends_timeline via the id parameter below.

        If called with no arguments, returns the friends' timeline for the
        authenticating user.

        Accepts an optional hashref as an argument:

        "since"
            OPTIONAL: Narrows the returned results to just those statuses
            created after the specified HTTP-formatted date.

        "since_id"
            OPTIONAL: Narrows the returned results to just those statuses
            created after the specified ID.

        "count"
            Narrows the returned results to a certain number of statuses.
            This is limited to 200.

        "page"
            Gets the 20 next most recent statuses from the authenticating
            user and that user's friends, eg "page=3".

    "replies(...)"
        This returns an arrayref to an array of hashrefs, containing the
        information and status of each of the last 20 replies (status
        updates prefixed with @username posted by users who are friends with
        the user being replied to) to the authenticating user.

        "since"
            OPTIONAL: Narrows the returned results to just those replies
            created after the specified HTTP-formatted date, up to 24 hours
            old.

        "since_id"
            OPTIONAL: Returns only statuses with an ID greater than (that
            is, more recent than) the specified ID.

        "page"
            OPTIONAL: Gets the 20 next most recent replies.

  USER METHODS
    "friends()"
        This returns an arrayref to an array of hashrefs. Each hashref
        contains the information and status of those you have marked as
        friends in twitter. Returns undef if an error occurs.

        Takes a hashref as an arg:

        "since"
            OPTIONAL: Narrows the returned results to just those friendships
            created after the specified HTTP-formatted date, up to 24 hours
            old.

        "id"
            OPTIONAL: User id or email address of a user other than the
            authenticated user, in order to retrieve that user's friends.

        "page"
            OPTIONAL: Gets the 100 next most recent friends, eg "page=3".

        This method can take the "id" argument passed to it either as a
        single string, or in a hashref with a key called "id". If passed as
        a string, no other args can be specified.

    "followers()"
        his returns an arrayref to an array of hashrefs. Each hashref
        contains the information and status of those who follow your status
        in twitter. Returns undef if an error occurs.

        If called without an argument returns the followers for the
        authenticating user, but can pull followers for a specific ID.

        Accepts an optional hashref for arguments:

        "id"
            OPTIONAL: The ID or screen name of the user for whom to request
            a list of followers.

        "page"
            OPTIONAL: Retrieves the next 100 followers.

        This method can take the "id" argument passed to it either as a
        single string, or in a hashref with a key called "id". If passed as
        a string, no other args can be specified.

    "show_user()"
        Returns a hashref containing extended information of a single user.

        The argument is a hashref containing either the user's ID or email
        address. It is required to pass either one or the other, but not
        both:

        "id"
            The ID or screen name of the user.

        "email"
            The email address of the user. If "email" is specified, "id" is
            ignored.

        If the "twittervision" argument is passed to "new" when the object
        is created, this method will include the location information for
        the user from twittervision.com, placing it inside the returned
        hashref under the key "twittervision".

        This method can take the "id" argument passed to it either as a
        single string, or in a hashref with a key called "id". If passed as
        a string, no other args can be specified.

  DIRECT MESSAGE METHODS
    "direct_messages()"
        Returns a list of the direct messages sent to the authenticating
        user.

        Accepts an optional hashref for arguments:

        "page"
            OPTIONAL: Retrieves the 20 next most recent direct messages.

        "since"
            OPTIONAL: Narrows the returned results to just those statuses
            created after the specified HTTP-formatted date.

        "since_id"
            OPTIONAL: Narrows the returned results to just those statuses
            created after the specified ID.

    "sent_direct_messages()"
        Returns a list of the direct messages sent by the authenticating
        user.

        Accepts an optional hashref for arguments:

        "page"
            OPTIONAL: Retrieves the 20 next most recent direct messages.

        "since"
            OPTIONAL: Narrows the returned results to just those statuses
            created after the specified HTTP-formatted date.

        "since_id"
            OPTIONAL: Narrows the returned results to just those statuses
            created after the specified ID.

    "new_direct_message($args)"
        Sends a new direct message to the specified user from the
        authenticating user.

        REQUIRES an argument of a hashref:

        "user"
            REQUIRED: ID or email address of user to send direct message to.

        "text"
            REQUIRED: Text of direct message.

    "destroy_direct_message($id)"
        Destroys the direct message specified in the required ID parameter.
        The authenticating user must be the recipient of the specified
        direct message.

        This method can take the "id" argument passed to it either as a
        single string, or in a hashref with a key called "id".

  FRIENDSHIP METHODS
    "create_friend(...)"
        Befriends the user specified in the id parameter as the
        authenticating user. Returns a hashref containing the befriended
        user's information when successful.

        "id"
            REQUIRED. The ID or screen name of the user to befriend.

        "follow"
            OPTIONAL. Enable notifications for the target user in addition
            to becoming friends.

        This method can take the "id" argument passed to it either as a
        single string, or in a hashref with a key called "id". If passed as
        a string, no other args can be specified.

    "destroy_friend($id)"
        Discontinues friendship with the user specified in the ID parameter
        as the authenticating user. Returns a hashref containing the
        unfriended user's information when successful.

        This method can take the "id" argument passed to it either as a
        single string, or in a hashref with a key called "id".

    "relationship_exists($user_a, $user_b)"
        Tests if friendship exists between the two users specified as
        arguments. Both arguments are REQUIRED.

  SOCIAL GRAPH METHODS
    "friends_ids()"
        Returns an arrayref to an array of numeric IDs for every user the
        specified user is following. Returns undef if an error occurs.

        Takes a hashref as an arg:

        "id"
            OPTIONAL: User id or email address of a user other than the
            authenticated user, in order to retrieve that user's friends.

        This method can take the "id" argument passed to it either as a
        single string, or in a hashref with a key called "id". If passed as
        a string, no other args can be specified. If no args are passed,
        returns the list for the authenticating user.

    "followers_ids()"
        Returns an arrayref to an array of numeric IDs for every user the
        specified user is followed by. Returns undef if an error occurs.

        Accepts an optional hashref for arguments:

        "id"
            OPTIONAL: The ID or screen name of the user for whom to request
            a list of followers.

        This method can take the "id" argument passed to it either as a
        single string, or in a hashref with a key called "id". If passed as
        a string, no other args can be specified. If no args are passed,
        returns the list for the authenticating user.

  ACCOUNT METHODS
    "verify_credentials()"
        Returns a hashref containing the authenticating user's extended
        information if the login credentials are correct.

    "end_session()"
        Ends the session of the authenticating user, returning a null
        cookie. Use this method to sign users out of client-facing
        applications like widgets.

    "update_location($location)"
        WARNING: This method has been deprecated in favor of the
        update_profile method below. It still functions today but will be
        removed in future versions.

        Updates the location attribute of the authenticating user, as
        displayed on the side of their profile and returned in various API
        methods.

    "update_delivery_device($device)"
        Sets which device Twitter delivers updates to for the authenticating
        user. $device is required and must be one of: "sms", "im", or
        "none". Sending none as the device parameter will disable IM or SMS
        updates.

    "update_profile_colors(...)"
        Sets one or more hex values that control the color scheme of the
        authenticating user's profile page on twitter.com. These values are
        also returned in the show_user method.

        This method takes a hashref as an argument, with the following
        optional fields containing a hex color string.

        "profile_background_color"
        "profile_text_color"
        "profile_link_color"
        "profile_sidebar_fill_color"
        "profile_sidebar_border_color"

    "update_profile_image(...)")
        Updates the authenticating user's profile image.

        This takes as a required argument a GIF, JPG or PNG image, no larger
        than 700k in size. Expects raw image data, not a pathname or URL to
        the image.

    "update_profile_background_image(...)")
        Updates the authenticating user's profile background image.

        This takes as a required argument a GIF, JPG or PNG image, no larger
        than 800k in size. Expects raw image data, not a pathname or URL to
        the image.

    "rate_limit_status"
        Returns the remaining number of API requests available to the
        authenticating user before the API limit is reached for the current
        hour. Calls to rate_limit_status require authentication, but will
        not count against the rate limit.

    "update_profile"
        Sets values that users are able to set under the "Account" tab of
        their settings page.

        Takes as an argument a hashref containing fields to be updated. Only
        the parameters specified will be updated. For example, to only
        update the "name" attribute include only that parameter in the
        hashref.

        "name"
            OPTIONAL: Twitter user's name. Maximum of 40 characters.

        "email"
            OPTIONAL: Email address. Maximum of 40 characters. Must be a
            valid email address.

        "url"
            OPTIONAL: Homepage URL. Maximum of 100 characters. Will be
            prepended with "http://" if not present.

        "location"
            OPTIONAL: Geographic location. Maximum of 30 characters. The
            contents are not normalized or geocoded in any way.

        "description"
            OPTIONAL: Personal description. Maximum of 160 characters.

  FAVORITE METHODS
    "favorites()"
        Returns the 20 most recent favorite statuses for the authenticating
        user or user specified by the ID parameter.

        This takes a hashref as an argument:

        "id"
            OPTIONAL. The ID or screen name of the user for whom to request
            a list of favorite statuses.

        "page"
            OPTIONAL: Gets the 20 next most recent favorite statuses, eg
            "page=3".

        This method can take the "id" argument passed to it either as a
        single string, or in a hashref with a key called "id". If passed as
        a string, no other args can be specified.

    "create_favorite()"
        Sets the specified ID as a favorite for the authenticating user.

        This takes a hashref as an argument:

        "id"
            REQUIRED: The ID of the status to favorite.

        This method can take the "id" argument passed to it either as a
        single string, or in a hashref with a key called "id".

    "destroy_favorite()"
        Removes the specified ID as a favorite for the authenticating user.

        This takes a hashref as an argument:

        "id" REQUIRED. The ID of the status to un-favorite.

        This method can take the "id" argument passed to it either as a
        single string, or in a hashref with a key called "id".

  NOTIFICATION METHODS
    "enable_notifications()"
        Enables notifications for updates from the specified user to the
        authenticating user. Returns the specified user when successful.

        This takes a hashref as an argument:

        "id" REQUIRED: The ID or screen name of the user to receive notices
        from.

        This method can take the "id" argument passed to it either as a
        single string, or in a hashref with a key called "id".

    "disable_notifications()"
        Disables notifications for updates from the specified user to the
        authenticating user. Returns the specified user when successful.

        This takes a hashref as an argument:

        "id"
            REQUIRED: The ID or screen name of the user to stop receiving
            notices from.

        This method can take the "id" argument passed to it either as a
        single string, or in a hashref with a key called "id".

  BLOCK METHODS
    "create_block($id)"
        Blocks the user id passed as an argument from the authenticating
        user. Returns a hashref containing the user information for the
        blocked user when successful.

        This method can take the "id" argument passed to it either as a
        single string, or in a hashref with a key called "id".

        You can find more information about blocking at
        <http://help.twitter.com/index.php?pg=kb.page&id=69>.

    "destroy_block($id)"
        Un-blocks the user id passed as an argument from the authenticating
        user. Returns a hashref containing the user information for the
        blocked user when successful.

        This method can take the "id" argument passed to it either as a
        single string, or in a hashref with a key called "id".

  SEARCH
    As of version 2.00, Net::Twitter implements the search functionality of
    Twitter, using code derived from Net::Twitter::Search by Brenda Wallace.

    "search()"
        Performs a search on http://search.twitter.com for your query
        string.

        This returns a hashref which is slightly different than the other
        methods such as public_timeline. The hashref contains a key named
        "results" which contains an arrayref to an array of hashrefs, each
        hashref containing a single post. These hashrefs do not include the
        "user" item with the posting user's information such as the
        *_timeline methods do.

        This method takes a required hashref as an argument:

        "q"
        "query"
            REQUIRED: Specifies the string to search for. This can include
            any of the Twitter search operators listed at
            <http://search.twitter.com/operators>. Please see below for
            information about backwards compatibility with
            Net::Twitter::Search.

            Both q and query are aliases to the same argument. Specifying
            both will use the value specified for "query".

            Please note that you cannot use the "near" search operator to
            specify arbitrary Lat/Long locations. For this use the "geocode"
            argument below.

        "lang"
            OPTIONAL: Restricts results to a specific language, given by an
            ISO 639-1 code. For example {'lang' => 'en'}

        "rpp"
            OPTIONAL: Sets the number of posts to return per page, up to a
            max of 100.

        "page"
            OPTIONAL: Sets the page number (starting at 1) to return, up to
            a max of roughly 1500 results (based on rpp * page)

        "since_id"
            OPTIONAL: Restricts returned posts to those status ids greater
            than the given id.

        "geocode"
            OPTIONAL: Returns posts by users located within the radius of
            the given latitude/longitude, where the user's location is taken
            from their Twitter profile. The format of the parameter value is
            "latitide,longitude,radius", with radius units specified as
            either "mi" (miles) or "km" (kilometers).

        "show_user"
            OPTIONAL: When set to a true boolean value "show_user" will
            prepend "<username>:" to the beginning of the text of each post
            returned.

    BACKWARDS COMPATIBILITY WITH Net::Twitter::Search
        In order to maintain backwards compatibility with
        Net::Twitter::Search, the query/q arguments can be specified as
        plain text:

            $res = $twit->search("Farkle McFancypants")

        In addition, you can, in this case, specify all of the above
        arguments in a hashref as the second argument to the search method.

            $res = $twit->search("Farkle McFancypants", {lang => "en"})

        Any query/q arguments in the hashref passed in this manner will be
        ignored, and the module will proceed using the string passed in the
        first argument as the query.

  HELP METHODS
    "test()"
        Returns the string "ok" in the requested format with a 200 OK HTTP
        status code.

    "downtime_schedule()"
        Returns the same text displayed on <http://twitter.com/home> when a
        maintenance window is scheduled.

BUGS AND LIMITATIONS
    Please report any bugs or feature requests to
    "bug-net-twitter@rt.cpan.org", or through the web interface at
    <https://rt.cpan.org/Dist/Display.html?Queue=Net-Twitter>.

    You can also join the Net::Twitter IRC channel at
    irc://irc.perl.org/net-twitter

    You can track Net::Twitter development at
    http://github.com/ct/net-twitter/tree/2.0

AUTHOR
    Chris Thompson <cpan@cthompson.com>

    The test framework for Net::Twitter was written by Marc "semifor" Mims.

    The framework of this module is shamelessly stolen from Net::AIML. Big
    ups to Chris "perigrin" Prather for that.

LICENCE AND COPYRIGHT
    Copyright (c) 2009, Chris Thompson <cpan@cthompson.com>. All rights
    reserved.

    This module is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
    under the same terms as Perl itself. See perlartistic.

DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTY
    BECAUSE THIS SOFTWARE IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO WARRANTY
    FOR THE SOFTWARE, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN
    OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES
    PROVIDE THE SOFTWARE "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER
    EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
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