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中等
设计
队列
数组
哈希表
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English Version

题目描述

设计一个电话目录管理系统,一开始有 maxNumbers 个位置能够储存号码。系统应该存储号码,检查某个位置是否为空,并清空给定的位置。

实现 PhoneDirectory 类:

  • PhoneDirectory(int maxNumbers) 电话目录初始有 maxNumbers 个可用位置。
  • int get() 提供一个未分配给任何人的号码。如果没有可用号码则返回 -1
  • bool check(int number) 如果位置 number 可用返回 true 否则返回 false
  • void release(int number) 回收或释放位置 number

 

示例 1:

输入:
["PhoneDirectory", "get", "get", "check", "get", "check", "release", "check"]
[[3], [], [], [2], [], [2], [2], [2]]
输出:
[null, 0, 1, true, 2, false, null, true]

解释:
PhoneDirectory phoneDirectory = new PhoneDirectory(3);
phoneDirectory.get();      // 它可以返回任意可用的数字。这里我们假设它返回 0。
phoneDirectory.get();      // 假设它返回 1。
phoneDirectory.check(2);   // 数字 2 可用,所以返回 true。
phoneDirectory.get();      // 返回剩下的唯一一个数字 2。
phoneDirectory.check(2);   // 数字 2 不再可用,所以返回 false。
phoneDirectory.release(2); // 将数字 2 释放回号码池。
phoneDirectory.check(2);   // 数字 2 重新可用,返回 true。

 

提示:

  • 1 <= maxNumbers <= 104
  • 0 <= number < maxNumbers
  • getcheck 和 release 最多被调用 2 * 104 次。

解法

方法一:哈希表

我们可以使用一个哈希集合 available 来存储未被分配的电话号码,初始时,哈希表中存储的是 [0, 1, 2, ..., maxNumbers - 1]

调用 get 方法时,我们从 available 中取出一个未被分配的电话号码,如果 available 为空,则返回 -1。时间复杂度 $O(1)$

调用 check 方法时,我们只需要判断 number 是否在 available 中即可。时间复杂度 $O(1)$

调用 release 方法时,我们将 number 添加到 available 中。时间复杂度 $O(1)$

空间复杂度 $O(n)$,其中 $n$maxNumbers 的值。

Python3

class PhoneDirectory:

    def __init__(self, maxNumbers: int):
        self.available = set(range(maxNumbers))

    def get(self) -> int:
        if not self.available:
            return -1
        return self.available.pop()

    def check(self, number: int) -> bool:
        return number in self.available

    def release(self, number: int) -> None:
        self.available.add(number)


# Your PhoneDirectory object will be instantiated and called as such:
# obj = PhoneDirectory(maxNumbers)
# param_1 = obj.get()
# param_2 = obj.check(number)
# obj.release(number)

Java

class PhoneDirectory {
    private Set<Integer> available = new HashSet<>();

    public PhoneDirectory(int maxNumbers) {
        for (int i = 0; i < maxNumbers; ++i) {
            available.add(i);
        }
    }

    public int get() {
        if (available.isEmpty()) {
            return -1;
        }
        int x = available.iterator().next();
        available.remove(x);
        return x;
    }

    public boolean check(int number) {
        return available.contains(number);
    }

    public void release(int number) {
        available.add(number);
    }
}

/**
 * Your PhoneDirectory object will be instantiated and called as such:
 * PhoneDirectory obj = new PhoneDirectory(maxNumbers);
 * int param_1 = obj.get();
 * boolean param_2 = obj.check(number);
 * obj.release(number);
 */

C++

class PhoneDirectory {
public:
    PhoneDirectory(int maxNumbers) {
        for (int i = 0; i < maxNumbers; ++i) {
            available.insert(i);
        }
    }

    int get() {
        if (available.empty()) {
            return -1;
        }
        int x = *available.begin();
        available.erase(x);
        return x;
    }

    bool check(int number) {
        return available.contains(number);
    }

    void release(int number) {
        available.insert(number);
    }

private:
    unordered_set<int> available;
};

/**
 * Your PhoneDirectory object will be instantiated and called as such:
 * PhoneDirectory* obj = new PhoneDirectory(maxNumbers);
 * int param_1 = obj->get();
 * bool param_2 = obj->check(number);
 * obj->release(number);
 */

Go

type PhoneDirectory struct {
	available map[int]bool
}

func Constructor(maxNumbers int) PhoneDirectory {
	available := make(map[int]bool)
	for i := 0; i < maxNumbers; i++ {
		available[i] = true
	}
	return PhoneDirectory{available}
}

func (this *PhoneDirectory) Get() int {
	for k := range this.available {
		delete(this.available, k)
		return k
	}
	return -1
}

func (this *PhoneDirectory) Check(number int) bool {
	_, ok := this.available[number]
	return ok
}

func (this *PhoneDirectory) Release(number int) {
	this.available[number] = true
}

/**
 * Your PhoneDirectory object will be instantiated and called as such:
 * obj := Constructor(maxNumbers);
 * param_1 := obj.Get();
 * param_2 := obj.Check(number);
 * obj.Release(number);
 */

TypeScript

class PhoneDirectory {
    private available: Set<number> = new Set();

    constructor(maxNumbers: number) {
        for (let i = 0; i < maxNumbers; ++i) {
            this.available.add(i);
        }
    }

    get(): number {
        const [x] = this.available;
        if (x === undefined) {
            return -1;
        }
        this.available.delete(x);
        return x;
    }

    check(number: number): boolean {
        return this.available.has(number);
    }

    release(number: number): void {
        this.available.add(number);
    }
}

/**
 * Your PhoneDirectory object will be instantiated and called as such:
 * var obj = new PhoneDirectory(maxNumbers)
 * var param_1 = obj.get()
 * var param_2 = obj.check(number)
 * obj.release(number)
 */