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困难 |
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请你设计一个用于存储字符串计数的数据结构,并能够返回计数最小和最大的字符串。
实现 AllOne
类:
AllOne()
初始化数据结构的对象。inc(String key)
字符串key
的计数增加1
。如果数据结构中尚不存在key
,那么插入计数为1
的key
。dec(String key)
字符串key
的计数减少1
。如果key
的计数在减少后为0
,那么需要将这个key
从数据结构中删除。测试用例保证:在减少计数前,key
存在于数据结构中。getMaxKey()
返回任意一个计数最大的字符串。如果没有元素存在,返回一个空字符串""
。getMinKey()
返回任意一个计数最小的字符串。如果没有元素存在,返回一个空字符串""
。
注意:每个函数都应当满足 O(1)
平均时间复杂度。
示例:
输入 ["AllOne", "inc", "inc", "getMaxKey", "getMinKey", "inc", "getMaxKey", "getMinKey"] [[], ["hello"], ["hello"], [], [], ["leet"], [], []] 输出 [null, null, null, "hello", "hello", null, "hello", "leet"] 解释 AllOne allOne = new AllOne(); allOne.inc("hello"); allOne.inc("hello"); allOne.getMaxKey(); // 返回 "hello" allOne.getMinKey(); // 返回 "hello" allOne.inc("leet"); allOne.getMaxKey(); // 返回 "hello" allOne.getMinKey(); // 返回 "leet"
提示:
1 <= key.length <= 10
key
由小写英文字母组成- 测试用例保证:在每次调用
dec
时,数据结构中总存在key
- 最多调用
inc
、dec
、getMaxKey
和getMinKey
方法5 * 104
次
class Node:
def __init__(self, key='', cnt=0):
self.prev = None
self.next = None
self.cnt = cnt
self.keys = {key}
def insert(self, node):
node.prev = self
node.next = self.next
node.prev.next = node
node.next.prev = node
return node
def remove(self):
self.prev.next = self.next
self.next.prev = self.prev
class AllOne:
def __init__(self):
self.root = Node()
self.root.next = self.root
self.root.prev = self.root
self.nodes = {}
def inc(self, key: str) -> None:
root, nodes = self.root, self.nodes
if key not in nodes:
if root.next == root or root.next.cnt > 1:
nodes[key] = root.insert(Node(key, 1))
else:
root.next.keys.add(key)
nodes[key] = root.next
else:
curr = nodes[key]
next = curr.next
if next == root or next.cnt > curr.cnt + 1:
nodes[key] = curr.insert(Node(key, curr.cnt + 1))
else:
next.keys.add(key)
nodes[key] = next
curr.keys.discard(key)
if not curr.keys:
curr.remove()
def dec(self, key: str) -> None:
root, nodes = self.root, self.nodes
curr = nodes[key]
if curr.cnt == 1:
nodes.pop(key)
else:
prev = curr.prev
if prev == root or prev.cnt < curr.cnt - 1:
nodes[key] = prev.insert(Node(key, curr.cnt - 1))
else:
prev.keys.add(key)
nodes[key] = prev
curr.keys.discard(key)
if not curr.keys:
curr.remove()
def getMaxKey(self) -> str:
return next(iter(self.root.prev.keys))
def getMinKey(self) -> str:
return next(iter(self.root.next.keys))
# Your AllOne object will be instantiated and called as such:
# obj = AllOne()
# obj.inc(key)
# obj.dec(key)
# param_3 = obj.getMaxKey()
# param_4 = obj.getMinKey()
class AllOne {
Node root = new Node();
Map<String, Node> nodes = new HashMap<>();
public AllOne() {
root.next = root;
root.prev = root;
}
public void inc(String key) {
if (!nodes.containsKey(key)) {
if (root.next == root || root.next.cnt > 1) {
nodes.put(key, root.insert(new Node(key, 1)));
} else {
root.next.keys.add(key);
nodes.put(key, root.next);
}
} else {
Node curr = nodes.get(key);
Node next = curr.next;
if (next == root || next.cnt > curr.cnt + 1) {
nodes.put(key, curr.insert(new Node(key, curr.cnt + 1)));
} else {
next.keys.add(key);
nodes.put(key, next);
}
curr.keys.remove(key);
if (curr.keys.isEmpty()) {
curr.remove();
}
}
}
public void dec(String key) {
Node curr = nodes.get(key);
if (curr.cnt == 1) {
nodes.remove(key);
} else {
Node prev = curr.prev;
if (prev == root || prev.cnt < curr.cnt - 1) {
nodes.put(key, prev.insert(new Node(key, curr.cnt - 1)));
} else {
prev.keys.add(key);
nodes.put(key, prev);
}
}
curr.keys.remove(key);
if (curr.keys.isEmpty()) {
curr.remove();
}
}
public String getMaxKey() {
return root.prev.keys.iterator().next();
}
public String getMinKey() {
return root.next.keys.iterator().next();
}
}
class Node {
Node prev;
Node next;
int cnt;
Set<String> keys = new HashSet<>();
public Node() {
this("", 0);
}
public Node(String key, int cnt) {
this.cnt = cnt;
keys.add(key);
}
public Node insert(Node node) {
node.prev = this;
node.next = this.next;
node.prev.next = node;
node.next.prev = node;
return node;
}
public void remove() {
this.prev.next = this.next;
this.next.prev = this.prev;
}
}
/**
* Your AllOne object will be instantiated and called as such:
* AllOne obj = new AllOne();
* obj.inc(key);
* obj.dec(key);
* String param_3 = obj.getMaxKey();
* String param_4 = obj.getMinKey();
*/