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二叉树

English Version

题目描述

给你两棵二叉树,原始树 original 和克隆树 cloned,以及一个位于原始树 original 中的目标节点 target

其中,克隆树 cloned 是原始树 original 的一个 副本

请找出在树 cloned 中,与 target 相同 的节点,并返回对该节点的引用(在 C/C++ 等有指针的语言中返回 节点指针,其他语言返回节点本身)。

 

注意:不能 对两棵二叉树,以及 target 节点进行更改。只能 返回对克隆树 cloned 中已有的节点的引用。

 

示例 1:

输入: tree = [7,4,3,null,null,6,19], target = 3
输出: 3
解释: 上图画出了树 original 和 cloned。target 节点在树 original 中,用绿色标记。答案是树 cloned 中的黄颜色的节点(其他示例类似)。

示例 2:

输入: tree = [7], target =  7
输出: 7

示例 3:

输入: tree = [8,null,6,null,5,null,4,null,3,null,2,null,1], target = 4
输出: 4

 

提示:

  • 树中节点的数量范围为 [1, 104] 。
  • 同一棵树中,没有值相同的节点。
  • target 节点是树 original 中的一个节点,并且不会是 null 。

 

进阶:如果树中允许出现值相同的节点,将如何解答?

解法

方法一:DFS

我们设计一个函数 $dfs(root1, root2)$,它会在树 $root1$$root2$ 中同时进行 DFS 遍历,当遍历到某个节点时,如果这个节点恰好为 $target$,那么我们就返回 $root2$ 中对应的节点。否则,我们递归地在 $root1$$root2$ 的左右子树中寻找 $target$,并返回找到的结果中不为空的那一个。

时间复杂度 $O(n)$,空间复杂度 $O(n)$。其中 $n$ 是树中节点的数量。

Python3

# Definition for a binary tree node.
# class TreeNode:
#     def __init__(self, x):
#         self.val = x
#         self.left = None
#         self.right = None


class Solution:
    def getTargetCopy(
        self, original: TreeNode, cloned: TreeNode, target: TreeNode
    ) -> TreeNode:
        def dfs(root1: TreeNode, root2: TreeNode) -> TreeNode:
            if root1 is None:
                return None
            if root1 == target:
                return root2
            return dfs(root1.left, root2.left) or dfs(root1.right, root2.right)

        return dfs(original, cloned)

Java

/**
 * Definition for a binary tree node.
 * public class TreeNode {
 *     int val;
 *     TreeNode left;
 *     TreeNode right;
 *     TreeNode(int x) { val = x; }
 * }
 */

class Solution {
    private TreeNode target;

    public final TreeNode getTargetCopy(
        final TreeNode original, final TreeNode cloned, final TreeNode target) {
        this.target = target;
        return dfs(original, cloned);
    }

    private TreeNode dfs(TreeNode root1, TreeNode root2) {
        if (root1 == null) {
            return null;
        }
        if (root1 == target) {
            return root2;
        }
        TreeNode res = dfs(root1.left, root2.left);
        return res == null ? dfs(root1.right, root2.right) : res;
    }
}

C++

/**
 * Definition for a binary tree node.
 * struct TreeNode {
 *     int val;
 *     TreeNode *left;
 *     TreeNode *right;
 *     TreeNode(int x) : val(x), left(NULL), right(NULL) {}
 * };
 */

class Solution {
public:
    TreeNode* getTargetCopy(TreeNode* original, TreeNode* cloned, TreeNode* target) {
        function<TreeNode*(TreeNode*, TreeNode*)> dfs = [&](TreeNode* root1, TreeNode* root2) -> TreeNode* {
            if (root1 == nullptr) {
                return nullptr;
            }
            if (root1 == target) {
                return root2;
            }
            TreeNode* left = dfs(root1->left, root2->left);
            return left == nullptr ? dfs(root1->right, root2->right) : left;
        };
        return dfs(original, cloned);
    }
};

TypeScript

/**
 * Definition for a binary tree node.
 * class TreeNode {
 *     val: number
 *     left: TreeNode | null
 *     right: TreeNode | null
 *     constructor(val?: number, left?: TreeNode | null, right?: TreeNode | null) {
 *         this.val = (val===undefined ? 0 : val)
 *         this.left = (left===undefined ? null : left)
 *         this.right = (right===undefined ? null : right)
 *     }
 * }
 */

function getTargetCopy(
    original: TreeNode | null,
    cloned: TreeNode | null,
    target: TreeNode | null,
): TreeNode | null {
    const dfs = (root1: TreeNode | null, root2: TreeNode | null): TreeNode | null => {
        if (!root1) {
            return null;
        }
        if (root1 === target) {
            return root2;
        }
        return dfs(root1.left, root2.left) || dfs(root1.right, root2.right);
    };
    return dfs(original, cloned);
}

C#

/**
 * Definition for a binary tree node.
 * public class TreeNode {
 *     public int val;
 *     public TreeNode left;
 *     public TreeNode right;
 *     public TreeNode(int x) { val = x; }
 * }
 */

public class Solution {
    private TreeNode target;

    public TreeNode GetTargetCopy(TreeNode original, TreeNode cloned, TreeNode target) {
        this.target = target;
        return dfs(original, cloned);
    }

    private TreeNode dfs(TreeNode original, TreeNode cloned) {
        if (original == null) {
            return null;
        }
        if (original == target) {
            return cloned;
        }
        TreeNode left = dfs(original.left, cloned.left);
        return left == null ? dfs(original.right, cloned.right) : left;
    }
}