Modernize and streamline argument checks

[flobernd]

Proposal

1. Create a new internal Verify class that makes use of modern features like e.g. the [CallerArgumentExpression] attribute.
2. Replace all existing argument checks.

Intention

Removes boilerplate code by instructing the compiler to automatically pass argument expressions to the check function.

Improves quality of exception messages.

Example

  [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
  internal static void NotNull([NotNull] object? obj, [CallerArgumentExpression(nameof(obj))] string? paramName = null)
  {
#if NET
      ArgumentNullException.ThrowIfNull(obj, paramName);
#else
      if (obj is null)
      {
          throw new ArgumentNullException(paramName);
      }
#endif
  }