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dlliteplugin.html
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<title>dlvhex</title>
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<h2>The Description Logic Lite Plugin</h2>
<p>
The Description Logic Lite Plugin interfaces OWL ontologies by
using a description logic reasoner, similar to the <a href="dlplugin.html">DL-Plugin</a>,
but using a DL-reasoner which is directly compiled into the plugin,
and restricted to DLLite ontologies. It provides four atoms—two
for retrieving concept resp. role members and two for
testing the DL-KB for consistency/inconsistency. Additionally, it features a rewriter for
the more convenient DL-syntax which is automatically translated into a HEX-program.
</p>
<h3>External Atoms</h3>
<div class="synopsis">
<div class="atomusage">&cDL[KB,a,b,c,d,Q](X)</div>
<div>Input:</div>
<div class="param">KB</div>
<div class="paramtext">web address or file path of the OWL Ontology.</div>
<div class="param">a</div>
<div class="paramtext">name of a binary predicate whose extension denotes addition to a concept.</div>
<div class="param">b</div>
<div class="paramtext">name of a binary predicate whose extension denotes addition to the complement of a concept.</div>
<div class="param">c</div>
<div class="paramtext">name of a ternary predicate whose extension denotes addition to a role.</div>
<div class="param">d</div>
<div class="paramtext">name of a ternary predicate whose extension denotes addition to the complement of a role.</div>
<div class="param">Q</div>
<div class="paramtext">name of a concept to be queried.</div>
<div style="clear: both;"></div>
<div>Output:</div>
<div class="param">X</div>
<div class="paramtext">individuals of concept <code>Q</code></div>
<div style="clear: both;"></div>
</div>
<p>
This looks more difficult than it actually is. For a simple query, all you need is the first and the last input argument.
</p>
<pre>
student(X) :- &cDL["http://example.org/univ.owl",a,b,c,d,"student"](X).</pre>
<p>
Provided that <code>a</code>, <code>b</code>, <code>c</code>, and <code>d</code> do not occur elsewhere in the hex-program, this rule would do nothing else than putting all members of <code>student</code> into the predicate <code>student</code>.
</p>
<p>
Now imagine you want to extend the concept <code>freshman</code> by "John Doe" before actually querying <code>student</code>:
</p>
<pre>
student(X) :- &cDL["http://example.org/univ.owl",a,b,c,d,"student"](X).
a(freshman,"John Doe").</pre>
<p>
Thus, at the second position of its input list, the external atom expects a binary predicate, whose first argument denotes the concept to be extended and the second the actual individuals to be aded to the concept. Naturally, this can become very versatile:
</p>
<pre>
student(X) :- &cDL["http://example.org/univ.owl",a,b,c,d,"student"](X).
a(freshman,X) :- attends(X,Y), firstyearcourse(Y).</pre>
<p>
Adding to roles works analogously, e.g.:
</p>
<pre>
student(X) :- &cDL["http://example.org/univ.owl",a,b,c,d,"student"](X).
b(enrolled,X,Y) :- person(X), studies(X,Y).</pre>
<p>
The second atom follows the same input mechansim, but queries a role:
</p>
<div class="synopsis">
<div class="atomusage">&rDL[KB,a,b,c,d,Q](X,Y)</div>
<div>Input:</div>
<div class="param">KB</div>
<div class="paramtext">web address or file path of the OWL Ontology.</div>
<div class="param">a</div>
<div class="paramtext">name of a binary predicate whose extension denotes addition to a concept.</div>
<div class="param">b</div>
<div class="paramtext">name of a binary predicate whose extension denotes addition to the complement of a concept.</div>
<div class="param">c</div>
<div class="paramtext">name of a ternary predicate whose extension denotes addition to a role.</div>
<div class="param">d</div>
<div class="paramtext">name of a ternary predicate whose extension denotes addition to the complement of a role.</div>
<div class="param">Q</div>
<div class="paramtext">name of a object property to be queried.</div>
<div style="clear: both;"></div>
<div>Output:</div>
<div class="param">X,Y</div>
<div class="paramtext">pairs of individuals of property <code>Q</code></div>
<div style="clear: both;"></div>
</div>
<p>
Additionally, the DLLite-Plugin provides an external atom which tests the given DL-KB for consistency under the specified extensions:
</p>
<div class="synopsis">
<div class="atomusage">&consDL[KB,a,b,c,d]()</div>
<div>Input:</div>
<div class="param">KB</div>
<div class="paramtext">web address or file path of the OWL Ontology.</div>
<div class="param">a</div>
<div class="paramtext">name of a binary predicate whose extension denotes addition to a concept.</div>
<div class="param">b</div>
<div class="paramtext">name of a binary predicate whose extension denotes addition to the complement of a concept.</div>
<div class="param">c</div>
<div class="paramtext">name of a ternary predicate whose extension denotes addition to a role.</div>
<div class="param">d</div>
<div class="paramtext">name of a ternary predicate whose extension denotes addition to the complement of a role.</div>
<div style="clear: both;"></div>
<div>Output:</div>
<div class="param"> </div>
<div class="paramtext">none.</div>
<div style="clear: both;"></div>
</div>
<p>
If the KB is consistent after possibly augmenting the A-Box according to the input list, the atom evaluates to <i>true</i>, otherwise <i>false</i>.
</p>
<div class="synopsis">
<div class="atomusage">&inconsDL[KB,a,b,c,d]()</div>
<div>Input:</div>
<div class="param">KB</div>
<div class="paramtext">web address or file path of the OWL Ontology.</div>
<div class="param">a</div>
<div class="paramtext">name of a binary predicate whose extension denotes addition to a concept.</div>
<div class="param">b</div>
<div class="paramtext">name of a binary predicate whose extension denotes addition to the complement of a concept.</div>
<div class="param">c</div>
<div class="paramtext">name of a ternary predicate whose extension denotes addition to a role.</div>
<div class="param">d</div>
<div class="paramtext">name of a ternary predicate whose extension denotes addition to the complement of a role.</div>
<div style="clear: both;"></div>
<div>Output:</div>
<div class="param"> </div>
<div class="paramtext">none.</div>
<div style="clear: both;"></div>
</div>
<p>
If the KB is inconsistent after possibly augmenting the A-Box according to the input list, the atom evaluates to <i>true</i>, otherwise <i>false</i>.
</p>
<h3>DL-Syntax</h3>
<p>
If the option <code>--ontology=file.owl</code> is specified on the command-line,
then DL-atoms which access the ontology <code>file.owl</code> of the following forms might be used.
</p>
<p>
A DL-atom for <i>concept queries</i> has the form <code>DL[input; Query](X)</code>,
where <i>input</i> is a comma-separated list of expressions of type <code>E+=p</code>
or <code>E-=p</code> to extend concept (role) <code>E</code> or <code>-E</code>
with the individuals in the unary (binary) predicate <code>p</code>, respectively,
and <code>Query</code> is the concept to query. The atom will evaluate the true for all values
<code>X</code> which are in concept <code>Query</code> if the ontology is extended
as defined by <code>input</code>.
The program
<pre>
student(X) :- &cDL["http://example.org/univ.owl",a,b,c,d,"student"](X).
a(freshman,X) :- attends(X,Y), firstyearcourse(Y).</pre>
might also be written as
<pre>
student(X) :- DL[freshman+=a; student](X).
a(X) :- attends(X,Y), firstyearcourse(Y).</pre>
</p>
<p>
Similarily, a DL-atom for <i>role queries</i> has the form <code>DL[input; Query](X,Y)</code>,
where <i>input</i> is a comma-separated list as described above,
and <code>Query</code> is the role to query. The atom will evaluate the true for all pairs
<code>(X,Y)</code> which are in role <code>Query</code> if the ontology is extended
as defined by <code>input</code>.
</p>
<p>
Finally, a DL-atom for <i>consistency check</i> has the form <code>DL[input]()</code>,
where <i>input</i> is a comma-separated list as described above.
The atom will evaluate the true if the ontology is consistent
after extending it as defined by <code>input</code>.
</p>
<h3>Further command-line options</h3>
The plugin further supports the option <code>--optimize</code>, which automatically rewrites
DL-atoms and DL-related external atoms to improve efficiency. Currently, the single optimization
rule rewrites default-negated consistency
checks to inconsistency checks, which turns the external atom into a monotonic one
and might increase efficiency.
<div style="border-top: 1px solid #999; background-color: inherit; color: #999; font-size: 8.5pt;">
<p>$Id$</p>
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</p>
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<div style="font-size: 14pt"><label for="q">Search this Website</label></div>
<form action="http://www.google.com/cse" id="cse-search-box">
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<input name="cx" id="cx" value="010363983165505105153:4bhl-l5ixd4" type="hidden" alt="Search this website">
<input name="ie" id="ie" value="UTF-8" type="hidden" alt="Search this website">
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<input name="sa" id="sa" value="Go" type="submit">
</div>
</form>
</p>
<p>
<span style="font-size: 14pt">General</span><br>
<a href="https://github.com/hexhex/">dlvhex source code @ github.com</a><br>
<!-- a href="https://sourceforge.net/projects/dlvhex/">dlvhex: Sourceforge project</a><br/ -->
<a href="doap.rdf">Description-Of-A-Project</a>
</p>
<p>
<span style="font-size: 14pt">Popular Plugins</span><br>
<!-- <a href="http://www.polleres.net/dlvhex-sparql">SPARQL Plugin</a><br> -->
<a href="actionplugin.html">Action Plugin</a><br>
<a href="decisiondiagramsplugin.html">DecisionDiagrams Plugin</a><br>
<a href="dlplugin.html">Description Logics Plugin</a><br>
<a href="dlliteplugin.html">Description Logics Lite Plugin</a><br>
<a href="mergingplugin.html">MELD: Belief Merging Plugin</a><br>
<a href="nestedhexplugin.html">Nested HEX Plugin</a><br>
<a href="http://www.kr.tuwien.ac.at/research/systems/mcsie">MCSIE Plugin</a><br>
<a href="stringplugin.html">String Plugin</a><br>
<a href="https://sourceforge.net/projects/dlvhex-semweb/">dlvhex-semweb Project</a><br>
</p>
<p>
<span style="font-size: 14pt">Documentation</span><br>
<a href="docs/userguide.pdf">User Guide</a><br>
<a href="https://github.com/hexhex/core/blob/master/README">README</a><br>
<a href="doc2x">doxygen</a><br>
<a href="doc2x/group__pluginframework.html">Writing Plugins in C++</a><br>
<a href="doc2x/group__pythonpluginframework.html">Writing Plugins in Python</a>
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