goupnp.go

// goupnp is an implementation of a client for various UPnP services.
//
// For most uses, it is recommended to use the code-generated packages under
// github.com/huin/goupnp/dcps. Example use is shown at
// http://godoc.org/github.com/huin/goupnp/example
//
// A commonly used client is internetgateway1.WANPPPConnection1:
// http://godoc.org/github.com/huin/goupnp/dcps/internetgateway1#WANPPPConnection1
//
// Currently only a couple of schemas have code generated for them from the
// UPnP example XML specifications. Not all methods will work on these clients,
// because the generated stubs contain the full set of specified methods from
// the XML specifications, and the discovered services will likely support a
// subset of those methods.
package goupnp

import (
	"context"
	"encoding/xml"
	"fmt"
	"io"
	"net"
	"net/http"
	"net/url"
	"time"

	"github.com/huin/goupnp/httpu"
	"github.com/huin/goupnp/ssdp"
)

// ContextError is an error that wraps an error with some context information.
type ContextError struct {
	Context string
	Err     error
}

func ctxError(err error, msg string) ContextError {
	return ContextError{
		Context: msg,
		Err:     err,
	}
}

func ctxErrorf(err error, msg string, args ...interface{}) ContextError {
	return ContextError{
		Context: fmt.Sprintf(msg, args...),
		Err:     err,
	}
}

func (err ContextError) Error() string {
	return fmt.Sprintf("%s: %v", err.Context, err.Err)
}

// MaybeRootDevice contains either a RootDevice or an error.
type MaybeRootDevice struct {
	// Identifier of the device. Note that this in combination with Location
	// uniquely identifies a result from DiscoverDevices.
	USN string

	// Set iff Err == nil.
	Root *RootDevice

	// The location the device was discovered at. This can be used with
	// DeviceByURL, assuming the device is still present. A location represents
	// the discovery of a device, regardless of if there was an error probing it.
	Location *url.URL

	// The address from which the device was discovered (if known - otherwise nil).
	LocalAddr net.IP

	// Any error encountered probing a discovered device.
	Err error
}

// DiscoverDevicesCtx attempts to find targets of the given type. This is
// typically the entry-point for this package. searchTarget is typically a URN
// in the form "urn:schemas-upnp-org:device:..." or
// "urn:schemas-upnp-org:service:...". A single error is returned for errors
// while attempting to send the query. An error or RootDevice is returned for
// each discovered RootDevice.
func DiscoverDevicesCtx(ctx context.Context, searchTarget string) ([]MaybeRootDevice, error) {
	hc, hcCleanup, err := httpuClient()
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	defer hcCleanup()

	searchCtx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(ctx, 2*time.Second)
	defer cancel()
	responses, err := ssdp.RawSearch(searchCtx, hc, string(searchTarget), 3)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	results := make([]MaybeRootDevice, len(responses))
	for i, response := range responses {
		maybe := &results[i]
		maybe.USN = response.Header.Get("USN")
		loc, err := response.Location()
		if err != nil {
			maybe.Err = ContextError{"unexpected bad location from search", err}
			continue
		}
		maybe.Location = loc
		if root, err := DeviceByURLCtx(ctx, loc); err != nil {
			maybe.Err = err
		} else {
			maybe.Root = root
		}
		if i := response.Header.Get(httpu.LocalAddressHeader); len(i) > 0 {
			maybe.LocalAddr = net.ParseIP(i)
		}
	}

	return results, nil
}

// DiscoverDevices is the legacy version of DiscoverDevicesCtx, but uses
// context.Background() as the context.
func DiscoverDevices(searchTarget string) ([]MaybeRootDevice, error) {
	return DiscoverDevicesCtx(context.Background(), searchTarget)
}

func DeviceByURLCtx(ctx context.Context, loc *url.URL) (*RootDevice, error) {
	locStr := loc.String()
	root := new(RootDevice)
	if err := requestXml(ctx, locStr, DeviceXMLNamespace, root); err != nil {
		return nil, ContextError{fmt.Sprintf("error requesting root device details from %q", locStr), err}
	}
	var urlBaseStr string
	if root.URLBaseStr != "" {
		urlBaseStr = root.URLBaseStr
	} else {
		urlBaseStr = locStr
	}
	urlBase, err := url.Parse(urlBaseStr)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, ContextError{fmt.Sprintf("error parsing location URL %q", locStr), err}
	}
	root.SetURLBase(urlBase)
	return root, nil
}

func DeviceByURL(loc *url.URL) (*RootDevice, error) {
	return DeviceByURLCtx(context.Background(), loc)
}

// CharsetReaderDefault specifies the charset reader used while decoding the output
// from a UPnP server. It can be modified in an init function to allow for non-utf8 encodings,
// but should not be changed after requesting clients.
var CharsetReaderDefault func(charset string, input io.Reader) (io.Reader, error)

// HTTPClient specifies the http.Client object used when fetching the XML from the UPnP server.
// HTTPClient defaults the http.DefaultClient.  This may be overridden by the importing application.
var HTTPClientDefault = http.DefaultClient

func requestXml(ctx context.Context, url string, defaultSpace string, doc interface{}) error {
	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(ctx, 3*time.Second)
	defer cancel()

	req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, http.MethodGet, url, nil)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	resp, err := HTTPClientDefault.Do(req)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	defer resp.Body.Close()

	if resp.StatusCode != 200 {
		return fmt.Errorf("goupnp: got response status %s from %q",
			resp.Status, url)
	}

	decoder := xml.NewDecoder(resp.Body)
	decoder.DefaultSpace = defaultSpace
	decoder.CharsetReader = CharsetReaderDefault

	return decoder.Decode(doc)
}