| title | author | output | graphics | editor_options | ||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Microenvironmental Differences Between Transects |
James Mickley |
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true |
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This analysis is looking for microenvironmental differences or gradients between transects. It's a more involved version of the Paired T-Test analysis.
We're using this GAM approach. In this approach, there are two smoothers. One smoother is a cubic spline that accounts for intra-day variation. Then a second spline is fitted to account for temporal variation that is not intra-day.
Readings have temporal autocorrelation, therefore, we add an autoregressive moving average correlation structure (corAR1). We set the form here to account for autocorrelation separately for each transect position, treating positions and transects as independent. In every case, accounting for autocorrelation improves the models considerably, however, some autocorrelation is still unaccounted for. Zuur et. al. say that it's usually not worth finding the optimal autocorrelation structure.
After all temporal effects are accounted for, we test our expectations:
- The temperature should be lower in the woods (yes)
- The humidity should be higher in the woods (yes)
- The light levels should be lower in the woods (yes)
- The soil in the meadow should be wetter than the woods (yes)
Nota bene: I've left out the first position in the meadow transect for temperature and humidity. This BME280 failed and gave suspect values for much of the time.
The model that includes transect is better than the base temporal model for temperature.
After accounting for temporal variation, and autocorrelation, the woods is 1.96 ºC cooler than the meadow. This is close to the paired t-test result: 1.83 ºC cooler.
dAICc df
temp.ar1.transect$lme 0.0 27
temp.ar1$lme 10.3 26
temp.ar1.transect.penalized$lme 60.3 7
temp.uncorr$lme 34651.7 25
Family: gaussian
Link function: identity
Formula:
temperature ~ s(day.min, bs = "cc", k = 96) + s(minute, k = 23,
fx = T) + transect
Parametric coefficients:
Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
(Intercept) 19.3207 0.4006 48.23 < 2e-16 ***
transectWoods -1.9515 0.5451 -3.58 0.000344 ***
---
Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
Approximate significance of smooth terms:
edf Ref.df F p-value
s(day.min) 51.73 94 27.29 <2e-16 ***
s(minute) 22.00 22 12.75 <2e-16 ***
---
Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
R-sq.(adj) = 0.729
Scale est. = 18.41 n = 13076
Linear mixed-effects model fit by maximum likelihood
Data: strip.offset(mf)
AIC BIC logLik
41034.37 41236.3 -20490.19
Random effects:
Formula: ~Xr - 1 | g
Structure: pdIdnot
Xr1 Xr2 Xr3 Xr4 Xr5 Xr6
StdDev: 0.02555426 0.02555426 0.02555426 0.02555426 0.02555426 0.02555426
Xr7 Xr8 Xr9 Xr10 Xr11 Xr12
StdDev: 0.02555426 0.02555426 0.02555426 0.02555426 0.02555426 0.02555426
Xr13 Xr14 Xr15 Xr16 Xr17 Xr18
StdDev: 0.02555426 0.02555426 0.02555426 0.02555426 0.02555426 0.02555426
Xr19 Xr20 Xr21 Xr22 Xr23 Xr24
StdDev: 0.02555426 0.02555426 0.02555426 0.02555426 0.02555426 0.02555426
Xr25 Xr26 Xr27 Xr28 Xr29 Xr30
StdDev: 0.02555426 0.02555426 0.02555426 0.02555426 0.02555426 0.02555426
Xr31 Xr32 Xr33 Xr34 Xr35 Xr36
StdDev: 0.02555426 0.02555426 0.02555426 0.02555426 0.02555426 0.02555426
Xr37 Xr38 Xr39 Xr40 Xr41 Xr42
StdDev: 0.02555426 0.02555426 0.02555426 0.02555426 0.02555426 0.02555426
Xr43 Xr44 Xr45 Xr46 Xr47 Xr48
StdDev: 0.02555426 0.02555426 0.02555426 0.02555426 0.02555426 0.02555426
Xr49 Xr50 Xr51 Xr52 Xr53 Xr54
StdDev: 0.02555426 0.02555426 0.02555426 0.02555426 0.02555426 0.02555426
Xr55 Xr56 Xr57 Xr58 Xr59 Xr60
StdDev: 0.02555426 0.02555426 0.02555426 0.02555426 0.02555426 0.02555426
Xr61 Xr62 Xr63 Xr64 Xr65 Xr66
StdDev: 0.02555426 0.02555426 0.02555426 0.02555426 0.02555426 0.02555426
Xr67 Xr68 Xr69 Xr70 Xr71 Xr72
StdDev: 0.02555426 0.02555426 0.02555426 0.02555426 0.02555426 0.02555426
Xr73 Xr74 Xr75 Xr76 Xr77 Xr78
StdDev: 0.02555426 0.02555426 0.02555426 0.02555426 0.02555426 0.02555426
Xr79 Xr80 Xr81 Xr82 Xr83 Xr84
StdDev: 0.02555426 0.02555426 0.02555426 0.02555426 0.02555426 0.02555426
Xr85 Xr86 Xr87 Xr88 Xr89 Xr90
StdDev: 0.02555426 0.02555426 0.02555426 0.02555426 0.02555426 0.02555426
Xr91 Xr92 Xr93 Xr94 Residual
StdDev: 0.02555426 0.02555426 0.02555426 0.02555426 4.290729
Correlation Structure: AR(1)
Formula: ~1 | g/t.order
Parameter estimate(s):
Phi
0.9632006
Fixed effects: y ~ X - 1
Value Std.Error DF t-value p-value
X(Intercept) 19.32071 0.400930 13052 48.18978 0.0000
XtransectWoods -1.95148 0.545520 13052 -3.57728 0.0003
Xs(minute)Fx1 -0.31598 5.079705 13052 -0.06220 0.9504
Xs(minute)Fx2 17.51686 16.413423 13052 1.06723 0.2859
Xs(minute)Fx3 -11.31258 3.328403 13052 -3.39880 0.0007
Xs(minute)Fx4 19.58308 9.733706 13052 2.01188 0.0443
Xs(minute)Fx5 -1.28735 3.558263 13052 -0.36179 0.7175
Xs(minute)Fx6 -19.84352 8.923412 13052 -2.22376 0.0262
Xs(minute)Fx7 -3.79483 3.672197 13052 -1.03340 0.3014
Xs(minute)Fx8 11.69000 8.816174 13052 1.32597 0.1849
Xs(minute)Fx9 -12.26910 3.996297 13052 -3.07012 0.0021
Xs(minute)Fx10 -18.53717 9.073304 13052 -2.04305 0.0411
Xs(minute)Fx11 -8.12702 4.348099 13052 -1.86910 0.0616
Xs(minute)Fx12 12.35844 9.268705 13052 1.33335 0.1824
Xs(minute)Fx13 0.69449 4.461788 13052 0.15565 0.8763
Xs(minute)Fx14 3.46370 9.206694 13052 0.37622 0.7068
Xs(minute)Fx15 1.92989 4.776798 13052 0.40401 0.6862
Xs(minute)Fx16 -9.80698 9.324870 13052 -1.05170 0.2930
Xs(minute)Fx17 9.64778 5.251981 13052 1.83698 0.0662
Xs(minute)Fx18 -19.81474 9.759249 13052 -2.03036 0.0423
Xs(minute)Fx19 -0.31845 5.199745 13052 -0.06124 0.9512
Xs(minute)Fx20 -3.25787 10.037030 13052 -0.32459 0.7455
Xs(minute)Fx21 40.30389 28.949617 13052 1.39221 0.1639
Xs(minute)Fx22 10.37651 11.214132 13052 0.92531 0.3548
Correlation:
X(Int) XtrnsW Xs()F1 Xs()F2 Xs()F3 Xs()F4 Xs()F5 Xs()F6
XtransectWoods -0.735
Xs(minute)Fx1 -0.029 0.005
Xs(minute)Fx2 0.048 -0.001 -0.584
Xs(minute)Fx3 -0.042 0.002 0.735 -0.881
Xs(minute)Fx4 0.052 -0.007 -0.592 0.980 -0.872
Xs(minute)Fx5 0.042 -0.003 -0.628 0.839 -0.779 0.832
Xs(minute)Fx6 -0.050 0.005 0.584 -0.968 0.879 -0.955 -0.819
Xs(minute)Fx7 -0.036 -0.003 0.605 -0.786 0.745 -0.793 -0.652 0.766
Xs(minute)Fx8 0.048 -0.004 -0.583 0.960 -0.854 0.934 0.814 -0.928
Xs(minute)Fx9 -0.038 0.003 0.591 -0.748 0.709 -0.737 -0.616 0.742
Xs(minute)Fx10 -0.043 0.000 0.580 -0.941 0.861 -0.931 -0.798 0.905
Xs(minute)Fx11 -0.035 0.001 0.594 -0.731 0.706 -0.734 -0.630 0.700
Xs(minute)Fx12 0.044 -0.003 -0.590 0.931 -0.838 0.921 0.803 -0.909
Xs(minute)Fx13 0.032 0.001 -0.586 0.701 -0.630 0.680 0.629 -0.711
Xs(minute)Fx14 0.042 -0.001 -0.589 0.929 -0.831 0.918 0.796 -0.916
Xs(minute)Fx15 0.026 0.004 -0.554 0.654 -0.621 0.653 0.578 -0.637
Xs(minute)Fx16 -0.045 0.006 0.583 -0.926 0.830 -0.911 -0.784 0.890
Xs(minute)Fx17 0.033 -0.005 -0.617 0.714 -0.714 0.711 0.626 -0.691
Xs(minute)Fx18 -0.039 0.000 0.568 -0.913 0.825 -0.896 -0.759 0.882
Xs(minute)Fx19 -0.029 0.003 0.621 -0.645 0.660 -0.638 -0.563 0.629
Xs(minute)Fx20 -0.038 -0.001 0.557 -0.914 0.817 -0.898 -0.772 0.880
Xs(minute)Fx21 0.047 -0.001 -0.569 0.998 -0.879 0.983 0.835 -0.971
Xs(minute)Fx22 0.012 0.000 -0.924 0.277 -0.518 0.292 0.410 -0.289
Xs()F7 Xs()F8 Xs()F9 X()F10 X()F11 X()F12 X()F13 X()F14
XtransectWoods
Xs(minute)Fx1
Xs(minute)Fx2
Xs(minute)Fx3
Xs(minute)Fx4
Xs(minute)Fx5
Xs(minute)Fx6
Xs(minute)Fx7
Xs(minute)Fx8 -0.785
Xs(minute)Fx9 0.577 -0.718
Xs(minute)Fx10 0.748 -0.904 0.708
Xs(minute)Fx11 0.553 -0.717 0.557 0.688
Xs(minute)Fx12 -0.741 0.889 -0.716 -0.872 -0.680
Xs(minute)Fx13 -0.609 0.653 -0.490 -0.689 -0.502 0.657
Xs(minute)Fx14 -0.755 0.902 -0.686 -0.862 -0.727 0.859 0.655
Xs(minute)Fx15 -0.546 0.643 -0.520 -0.627 -0.432 0.636 0.408 0.629
Xs(minute)Fx16 0.726 -0.878 0.728 0.877 0.660 -0.841 -0.682 -0.869
Xs(minute)Fx17 -0.531 0.693 -0.547 -0.693 -0.517 0.671 0.492 0.716
Xs(minute)Fx18 0.732 -0.865 0.665 0.850 0.707 -0.854 -0.656 -0.816
Xs(minute)Fx19 0.545 -0.630 0.457 0.605 0.497 -0.646 -0.435 -0.588
Xs(minute)Fx20 0.728 -0.864 0.699 0.850 0.659 -0.838 -0.647 -0.842
Xs(minute)Fx21 -0.786 0.959 -0.743 -0.945 -0.726 0.936 0.697 0.936
Xs(minute)Fx22 -0.397 0.293 -0.395 -0.294 -0.417 0.310 0.413 0.306
X()F15 X()F16 X()F17 X()F18 X()F19 X()F20 X()F21
XtransectWoods
Xs(minute)Fx1
Xs(minute)Fx2
Xs(minute)Fx3
Xs(minute)Fx4
Xs(minute)Fx5
Xs(minute)Fx6
Xs(minute)Fx7
Xs(minute)Fx8
Xs(minute)Fx9
Xs(minute)Fx10
Xs(minute)Fx11
Xs(minute)Fx12
Xs(minute)Fx13
Xs(minute)Fx14
Xs(minute)Fx15
Xs(minute)Fx16 -0.625
Xs(minute)Fx17 0.424 -0.655
Xs(minute)Fx18 -0.621 0.818 -0.670
Xs(minute)Fx19 -0.340 0.651 -0.412 0.583
Xs(minute)Fx20 -0.608 0.804 -0.671 0.791 0.624
Xs(minute)Fx21 0.655 -0.925 0.713 -0.913 -0.640 -0.915
Xs(minute)Fx22 0.393 -0.311 0.434 -0.294 -0.474 -0.283 0.258
Standardized Within-Group Residuals:
Min Q1 Med Q3 Max
-2.825941196 -0.585481672 0.008834687 0.579643512 4.087312380
Number of Observations: 13076
Number of Groups: 1
The model that includes transect is better than the base temporal model for humidity.
After accounting for temporal variation, and autocorrelation, the woods is 4.23% more humid than the meadow. This is close to the paired t-test result: 3.4% more humid.
dAICc df
humid.ar1.transect$lme 0.0 27
humid.ar1$lme 7.0 26
humid.ar1.transect.penalized$lme 40.4 7
humid.uncorr$lme 30745.2 25
Family: gaussian
Link function: identity
Formula:
humidity ~ s(day.min, bs = "cc", k = 96) + s(minute, k = 23,
fx = T) + transect
Parametric coefficients:
Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
(Intercept) 80.580 1.025 78.60 < 2e-16 ***
transectWoods 4.242 1.396 3.04 0.00237 **
---
Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
Approximate significance of smooth terms:
edf Ref.df F p-value
s(day.min) 41.33 94 20.84 <2e-16 ***
s(minute) 22.00 22 10.79 <2e-16 ***
---
Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
R-sq.(adj) = 0.666
Scale est. = 159.33 n = 13075
Linear mixed-effects model fit by maximum likelihood
Data: strip.offset(mf)
AIC BIC logLik
72782.98 72984.9 -36364.49
Random effects:
Formula: ~Xr - 1 | g
Structure: pdIdnot
Xr1 Xr2 Xr3 Xr4 Xr5 Xr6
StdDev: 0.06190255 0.06190255 0.06190255 0.06190255 0.06190255 0.06190255
Xr7 Xr8 Xr9 Xr10 Xr11 Xr12
StdDev: 0.06190255 0.06190255 0.06190255 0.06190255 0.06190255 0.06190255
Xr13 Xr14 Xr15 Xr16 Xr17 Xr18
StdDev: 0.06190255 0.06190255 0.06190255 0.06190255 0.06190255 0.06190255
Xr19 Xr20 Xr21 Xr22 Xr23 Xr24
StdDev: 0.06190255 0.06190255 0.06190255 0.06190255 0.06190255 0.06190255
Xr25 Xr26 Xr27 Xr28 Xr29 Xr30
StdDev: 0.06190255 0.06190255 0.06190255 0.06190255 0.06190255 0.06190255
Xr31 Xr32 Xr33 Xr34 Xr35 Xr36
StdDev: 0.06190255 0.06190255 0.06190255 0.06190255 0.06190255 0.06190255
Xr37 Xr38 Xr39 Xr40 Xr41 Xr42
StdDev: 0.06190255 0.06190255 0.06190255 0.06190255 0.06190255 0.06190255
Xr43 Xr44 Xr45 Xr46 Xr47 Xr48
StdDev: 0.06190255 0.06190255 0.06190255 0.06190255 0.06190255 0.06190255
Xr49 Xr50 Xr51 Xr52 Xr53 Xr54
StdDev: 0.06190255 0.06190255 0.06190255 0.06190255 0.06190255 0.06190255
Xr55 Xr56 Xr57 Xr58 Xr59 Xr60
StdDev: 0.06190255 0.06190255 0.06190255 0.06190255 0.06190255 0.06190255
Xr61 Xr62 Xr63 Xr64 Xr65 Xr66
StdDev: 0.06190255 0.06190255 0.06190255 0.06190255 0.06190255 0.06190255
Xr67 Xr68 Xr69 Xr70 Xr71 Xr72
StdDev: 0.06190255 0.06190255 0.06190255 0.06190255 0.06190255 0.06190255
Xr73 Xr74 Xr75 Xr76 Xr77 Xr78
StdDev: 0.06190255 0.06190255 0.06190255 0.06190255 0.06190255 0.06190255
Xr79 Xr80 Xr81 Xr82 Xr83 Xr84
StdDev: 0.06190255 0.06190255 0.06190255 0.06190255 0.06190255 0.06190255
Xr85 Xr86 Xr87 Xr88 Xr89 Xr90
StdDev: 0.06190255 0.06190255 0.06190255 0.06190255 0.06190255 0.06190255
Xr91 Xr92 Xr93 Xr94 Residual
StdDev: 0.06190255 0.06190255 0.06190255 0.06190255 12.6225
Correlation Structure: AR(1)
Formula: ~1 | g/t.order
Parameter estimate(s):
Phi
0.9513616
Fixed effects: y ~ X - 1
Value Std.Error DF t-value p-value
X(Intercept) 80.58038 1.02609 13051 78.53156 0.0000
XtransectWoods 4.24207 1.39675 13051 3.03709 0.0024
Xs(minute)Fx1 -24.53564 14.61610 13051 -1.67867 0.0932
Xs(minute)Fx2 102.86305 48.23760 13051 2.13242 0.0330
Xs(minute)Fx3 9.28968 9.55910 13051 0.97182 0.3312
Xs(minute)Fx4 43.45340 28.46616 13051 1.52649 0.1269
Xs(minute)Fx5 -15.46130 10.14431 13051 -1.52413 0.1275
Xs(minute)Fx6 -54.61921 25.99263 13051 -2.10133 0.0356
Xs(minute)Fx7 -44.65243 10.39849 13051 -4.29413 0.0000
Xs(minute)Fx8 43.83445 25.62548 13051 1.71058 0.0872
Xs(minute)Fx9 -43.51323 11.26859 13051 -3.86146 0.0001
Xs(minute)Fx10 -42.38006 26.28571 13051 -1.61228 0.1069
Xs(minute)Fx11 -2.86538 12.22995 13051 -0.23429 0.8148
Xs(minute)Fx12 59.40115 26.82616 13051 2.21430 0.0268
Xs(minute)Fx13 4.51826 12.53050 13051 0.36058 0.7184
Xs(minute)Fx14 57.52592 26.84301 13051 2.14305 0.0321
Xs(minute)Fx15 45.65084 13.47635 13051 3.38748 0.0007
Xs(minute)Fx16 -44.19144 27.25294 13051 -1.62153 0.1049
Xs(minute)Fx17 16.70464 15.01004 13051 1.11290 0.2658
Xs(minute)Fx18 -52.30010 28.61628 13051 -1.82763 0.0676
Xs(minute)Fx19 -20.58271 14.91901 13051 -1.37963 0.1677
Xs(minute)Fx20 -44.28434 29.42005 13051 -1.50524 0.1323
Xs(minute)Fx21 158.71867 85.27734 13051 1.86121 0.0627
Xs(minute)Fx22 21.10520 32.95494 13051 0.64043 0.5219
Correlation:
X(Int) XtrnsW Xs()F1 Xs()F2 Xs()F3 Xs()F4 Xs()F5 Xs()F6
XtransectWoods -0.736
Xs(minute)Fx1 -0.024 0.004
Xs(minute)Fx2 0.042 -0.002 -0.544
Xs(minute)Fx3 -0.038 0.003 0.722 -0.891
Xs(minute)Fx4 0.046 -0.007 -0.556 0.984 -0.885
Xs(minute)Fx5 0.037 -0.004 -0.617 0.862 -0.813 0.857
Xs(minute)Fx6 -0.044 0.006 0.551 -0.973 0.887 -0.963 -0.846
Xs(minute)Fx7 -0.032 -0.001 0.593 -0.811 0.775 -0.815 -0.704 0.794
Xs(minute)Fx8 0.043 -0.005 -0.550 0.965 -0.869 0.946 0.840 -0.939
Xs(minute)Fx9 -0.034 0.003 0.581 -0.769 0.737 -0.762 -0.666 0.764
Xs(minute)Fx10 -0.039 0.001 0.547 -0.949 0.870 -0.941 -0.827 0.920
Xs(minute)Fx11 -0.031 0.000 0.586 -0.744 0.728 -0.747 -0.664 0.721
Xs(minute)Fx12 0.040 -0.004 -0.554 0.939 -0.853 0.930 0.827 -0.919
Xs(minute)Fx13 0.029 0.000 -0.580 0.711 -0.662 0.696 0.654 -0.717
Xs(minute)Fx14 0.038 -0.002 -0.552 0.936 -0.847 0.927 0.822 -0.924
Xs(minute)Fx15 0.023 0.004 -0.555 0.662 -0.644 0.663 0.602 -0.651
Xs(minute)Fx16 -0.041 0.007 0.548 -0.931 0.845 -0.919 -0.811 0.903
Xs(minute)Fx17 0.031 -0.006 -0.609 0.711 -0.718 0.710 0.643 -0.694
Xs(minute)Fx18 -0.035 0.001 0.537 -0.919 0.837 -0.905 -0.791 0.894
Xs(minute)Fx19 -0.026 0.003 0.620 -0.642 0.667 -0.640 -0.584 0.634
Xs(minute)Fx20 -0.033 0.000 0.527 -0.919 0.831 -0.906 -0.799 0.890
Xs(minute)Fx21 0.042 -0.002 -0.527 0.998 -0.887 0.986 0.858 -0.975
Xs(minute)Fx22 0.008 0.001 -0.921 0.212 -0.474 0.232 0.366 -0.231
Xs()F7 Xs()F8 Xs()F9 X()F10 X()F11 X()F12 X()F13 X()F14
XtransectWoods
Xs(minute)Fx1
Xs(minute)Fx2
Xs(minute)Fx3
Xs(minute)Fx4
Xs(minute)Fx5
Xs(minute)Fx6
Xs(minute)Fx7
Xs(minute)Fx8 -0.806
Xs(minute)Fx9 0.625 -0.745
Xs(minute)Fx10 0.777 -0.916 0.736
Xs(minute)Fx11 0.593 -0.731 0.585 0.710
Xs(minute)Fx12 -0.771 0.903 -0.738 -0.887 -0.701
Xs(minute)Fx13 -0.628 0.673 -0.527 -0.699 -0.528 0.674
Xs(minute)Fx14 -0.780 0.911 -0.716 -0.879 -0.737 0.873 0.670
Xs(minute)Fx15 -0.568 0.653 -0.537 -0.639 -0.464 0.643 0.433 0.639
Xs(minute)Fx16 0.757 -0.891 0.745 0.886 0.682 -0.856 -0.690 -0.877
Xs(minute)Fx17 -0.563 0.696 -0.566 -0.691 -0.525 0.675 0.504 0.709
Xs(minute)Fx18 0.760 -0.878 0.699 0.863 0.717 -0.863 -0.668 -0.832
Xs(minute)Fx19 0.556 -0.634 0.479 0.613 0.506 -0.641 -0.446 -0.594
Xs(minute)Fx20 0.756 -0.875 0.724 0.863 0.681 -0.850 -0.661 -0.852
Xs(minute)Fx21 -0.810 0.964 -0.765 -0.952 -0.739 0.942 0.705 0.942
Xs(minute)Fx22 -0.355 0.235 -0.357 -0.235 -0.381 0.247 0.385 0.243
X()F15 X()F16 X()F17 X()F18 X()F19 X()F20 X()F21
XtransectWoods
Xs(minute)Fx1
Xs(minute)Fx2
Xs(minute)Fx3
Xs(minute)Fx4
Xs(minute)Fx5
Xs(minute)Fx6
Xs(minute)Fx7
Xs(minute)Fx8
Xs(minute)Fx9
Xs(minute)Fx10
Xs(minute)Fx11
Xs(minute)Fx12
Xs(minute)Fx13
Xs(minute)Fx14
Xs(minute)Fx15
Xs(minute)Fx16 -0.635
Xs(minute)Fx17 0.436 -0.658
Xs(minute)Fx18 -0.629 0.832 -0.670
Xs(minute)Fx19 -0.362 0.645 -0.418 0.587
Xs(minute)Fx20 -0.620 0.818 -0.668 0.805 0.621
Xs(minute)Fx21 0.661 -0.931 0.707 -0.920 -0.637 -0.920
Xs(minute)Fx22 0.374 -0.249 0.412 -0.237 -0.457 -0.228 0.192
Standardized Within-Group Residuals:
Min Q1 Med Q3 Max
-3.80485215 -0.69479202 -0.01217305 0.73592254 3.02508895
Number of Observations: 13075
Number of Groups: 1
The model that includes transect is better than the base temporal model for VWC.
After accounting for temporal variation, and autocorrelation, the woods is drier than the meadow by 0.14 m3/m3. This is close to the paired t-test result: 0.19 m3/m3.
dAICc df
vwc.ar1.transect$lme 0.0 27
vwc.ar1$lme 19.9 26
vwc.ar1.transect.penalized$lme 39.8 7
vwc.uncorr$lme 103897.3 25
Family: gaussian
Link function: identity
Formula:
vwc ~ s(day.min, bs = "cc", k = 96) + s(minute, k = 23, fx = T) +
transect
Parametric coefficients:
Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
(Intercept) 0.22925 0.01278 17.938 < 2e-16 ***
transectWoods -0.13520 0.01727 -7.829 5.23e-15 ***
---
Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
Approximate significance of smooth terms:
edf Ref.df F p-value
s(day.min) 30.76 94 1.202 1.86e-15 ***
s(minute) 22.00 22 4.740 1.28e-12 ***
---
Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
R-sq.(adj) = 0.7
Scale est. = 0.0018956 n = 15651
Linear mixed-effects model fit by maximum likelihood
Data: strip.offset(mf)
AIC BIC logLik
-138117.8 -137911 69085.9
Random effects:
Formula: ~Xr - 1 | g
Structure: pdIdnot
Xr1 Xr2 Xr3 Xr4 Xr5
StdDev: 2.822126e-05 2.822126e-05 2.822126e-05 2.822126e-05 2.822126e-05
Xr6 Xr7 Xr8 Xr9 Xr10
StdDev: 2.822126e-05 2.822126e-05 2.822126e-05 2.822126e-05 2.822126e-05
Xr11 Xr12 Xr13 Xr14 Xr15
StdDev: 2.822126e-05 2.822126e-05 2.822126e-05 2.822126e-05 2.822126e-05
Xr16 Xr17 Xr18 Xr19 Xr20
StdDev: 2.822126e-05 2.822126e-05 2.822126e-05 2.822126e-05 2.822126e-05
Xr21 Xr22 Xr23 Xr24 Xr25
StdDev: 2.822126e-05 2.822126e-05 2.822126e-05 2.822126e-05 2.822126e-05
Xr26 Xr27 Xr28 Xr29 Xr30
StdDev: 2.822126e-05 2.822126e-05 2.822126e-05 2.822126e-05 2.822126e-05
Xr31 Xr32 Xr33 Xr34 Xr35
StdDev: 2.822126e-05 2.822126e-05 2.822126e-05 2.822126e-05 2.822126e-05
Xr36 Xr37 Xr38 Xr39 Xr40
StdDev: 2.822126e-05 2.822126e-05 2.822126e-05 2.822126e-05 2.822126e-05
Xr41 Xr42 Xr43 Xr44 Xr45
StdDev: 2.822126e-05 2.822126e-05 2.822126e-05 2.822126e-05 2.822126e-05
Xr46 Xr47 Xr48 Xr49 Xr50
StdDev: 2.822126e-05 2.822126e-05 2.822126e-05 2.822126e-05 2.822126e-05
Xr51 Xr52 Xr53 Xr54 Xr55
StdDev: 2.822126e-05 2.822126e-05 2.822126e-05 2.822126e-05 2.822126e-05
Xr56 Xr57 Xr58 Xr59 Xr60
StdDev: 2.822126e-05 2.822126e-05 2.822126e-05 2.822126e-05 2.822126e-05
Xr61 Xr62 Xr63 Xr64 Xr65
StdDev: 2.822126e-05 2.822126e-05 2.822126e-05 2.822126e-05 2.822126e-05
Xr66 Xr67 Xr68 Xr69 Xr70
StdDev: 2.822126e-05 2.822126e-05 2.822126e-05 2.822126e-05 2.822126e-05
Xr71 Xr72 Xr73 Xr74 Xr75
StdDev: 2.822126e-05 2.822126e-05 2.822126e-05 2.822126e-05 2.822126e-05
Xr76 Xr77 Xr78 Xr79 Xr80
StdDev: 2.822126e-05 2.822126e-05 2.822126e-05 2.822126e-05 2.822126e-05
Xr81 Xr82 Xr83 Xr84 Xr85
StdDev: 2.822126e-05 2.822126e-05 2.822126e-05 2.822126e-05 2.822126e-05
Xr86 Xr87 Xr88 Xr89 Xr90
StdDev: 2.822126e-05 2.822126e-05 2.822126e-05 2.822126e-05 2.822126e-05
Xr91 Xr92 Xr93 Xr94 Residual
StdDev: 2.822126e-05 2.822126e-05 2.822126e-05 2.822126e-05 0.0435384
Correlation Structure: AR(1)
Formula: ~1 | g/t.order
Parameter estimate(s):
Phi
0.99775
Fixed effects: y ~ X - 1
Value Std.Error DF t-value p-value
X(Intercept) 0.22925152 0.01278941 15627 17.925101 0.0000
XtransectWoods -0.13519878 0.01728087 15627 -7.823611 0.0000
Xs(minute)Fx1 -0.04530211 0.02548719 15627 -1.777446 0.0755
Xs(minute)Fx2 0.06505011 0.07118160 15627 0.913861 0.3608
Xs(minute)Fx3 0.00756898 0.01966700 15627 0.384857 0.7003
Xs(minute)Fx4 0.00903315 0.04375474 15627 0.206450 0.8364
Xs(minute)Fx5 0.03254276 0.01982039 15627 1.641883 0.1006
Xs(minute)Fx6 -0.04480393 0.03953304 15627 -1.133329 0.2571
Xs(minute)Fx7 -0.00551421 0.01921162 15627 -0.287025 0.7741
Xs(minute)Fx8 0.03537428 0.03881265 15627 0.911411 0.3621
Xs(minute)Fx9 -0.04446980 0.01963246 15627 -2.265116 0.0235
Xs(minute)Fx10 -0.03127609 0.03792932 15627 -0.824589 0.4096
Xs(minute)Fx11 0.03755109 0.02030028 15627 1.849782 0.0644
Xs(minute)Fx12 0.07779744 0.03750950 15627 2.074073 0.0381
Xs(minute)Fx13 -0.03206319 0.01963963 15627 -1.632576 0.1026
Xs(minute)Fx14 0.03976535 0.03759449 15627 1.057744 0.2902
Xs(minute)Fx15 0.01153349 0.01902012 15627 0.606384 0.5443
Xs(minute)Fx16 -0.01110008 0.03676954 15627 -0.301882 0.7627
Xs(minute)Fx17 0.00847534 0.02103321 15627 0.402950 0.6870
Xs(minute)Fx18 -0.00762236 0.03802943 15627 -0.200433 0.8411
Xs(minute)Fx19 -0.02121123 0.02025913 15627 -1.046996 0.2951
Xs(minute)Fx20 0.00301418 0.03645522 15627 0.082682 0.9341
Xs(minute)Fx21 0.09440828 0.12065649 15627 0.782455 0.4340
Xs(minute)Fx22 -0.01002137 0.04688943 15627 -0.213723 0.8308
Correlation:
X(Int) XtrnsW Xs()F1 Xs()F2 Xs()F3 Xs()F4 Xs()F5 Xs()F6
XtransectWoods -0.707
Xs(minute)Fx1 -0.058 0.013
Xs(minute)Fx2 0.044 0.006 -0.492
Xs(minute)Fx3 -0.048 -0.014 0.579 -0.692
Xs(minute)Fx4 0.042 -0.001 -0.512 0.923 -0.668
Xs(minute)Fx5 0.039 0.012 -0.378 0.691 -0.545 0.677
Xs(minute)Fx6 -0.043 -0.003 0.496 -0.867 0.683 -0.902 -0.670
Xs(minute)Fx7 -0.048 -0.001 0.451 -0.707 0.402 -0.708 -0.588 0.676
Xs(minute)Fx8 0.035 0.009 -0.508 0.899 -0.667 0.831 0.672 -0.875
Xs(minute)Fx9 -0.043 -0.001 0.514 -0.715 0.517 -0.690 -0.368 0.701
Xs(minute)Fx10 -0.042 -0.005 0.504 -0.897 0.662 -0.865 -0.663 0.824
Xs(minute)Fx11 -0.031 -0.005 0.461 -0.701 0.529 -0.700 -0.535 0.686
Xs(minute)Fx12 0.047 0.004 -0.506 0.894 -0.658 0.885 0.665 -0.860
Xs(minute)Fx13 0.031 0.003 -0.512 0.719 -0.536 0.694 0.536 -0.697
Xs(minute)Fx14 0.041 0.008 -0.513 0.913 -0.656 0.866 0.647 -0.863
Xs(minute)Fx15 0.034 -0.001 -0.542 0.727 -0.583 0.699 0.511 -0.692
Xs(minute)Fx16 -0.044 -0.007 0.498 -0.903 0.658 -0.886 -0.651 0.861
Xs(minute)Fx17 0.029 0.001 -0.525 0.728 -0.576 0.717 0.602 -0.698
Xs(minute)Fx18 -0.047 -0.006 0.504 -0.920 0.659 -0.898 -0.661 0.880
Xs(minute)Fx19 -0.024 -0.003 0.556 -0.681 0.555 -0.649 -0.503 0.657
Xs(minute)Fx20 -0.045 -0.007 0.500 -0.931 0.663 -0.889 -0.663 0.880
Xs(minute)Fx21 0.056 0.008 -0.482 0.970 -0.686 0.942 0.694 -0.929
Xs(minute)Fx22 0.030 -0.012 -0.820 0.226 -0.455 0.236 0.378 -0.251
Xs()F7 Xs()F8 Xs()F9 X()F10 X()F11 X()F12 X()F13 X()F14
XtransectWoods
Xs(minute)Fx1
Xs(minute)Fx2
Xs(minute)Fx3
Xs(minute)Fx4
Xs(minute)Fx5
Xs(minute)Fx6
Xs(minute)Fx7
Xs(minute)Fx8 -0.680
Xs(minute)Fx9 0.629 -0.678
Xs(minute)Fx10 0.691 -0.875 0.678
Xs(minute)Fx11 0.397 -0.691 0.608 0.682
Xs(minute)Fx12 -0.678 0.820 -0.696 -0.889 -0.684
Xs(minute)Fx13 -0.536 0.697 -0.443 -0.705 -0.607 0.702
Xs(minute)Fx14 -0.681 0.865 -0.683 -0.817 -0.700 0.885 0.709
Xs(minute)Fx15 -0.582 0.701 -0.538 -0.709 -0.424 0.731 0.646 0.715
Xs(minute)Fx16 0.662 -0.854 0.688 0.858 0.696 -0.829 -0.719 -0.872
Xs(minute)Fx17 -0.516 0.702 -0.557 -0.722 -0.567 0.719 0.417 0.740
Xs(minute)Fx18 0.680 -0.861 0.688 0.873 0.696 -0.863 -0.721 -0.840
Xs(minute)Fx19 0.548 -0.659 0.501 0.649 0.483 -0.679 -0.530 -0.679
Xs(minute)Fx20 0.692 -0.884 0.688 0.857 0.694 -0.881 -0.718 -0.881
Xs(minute)Fx21 -0.714 0.925 -0.717 -0.924 -0.722 0.930 0.736 0.930
Xs(minute)Fx22 -0.366 0.257 -0.366 -0.267 -0.350 0.277 0.360 0.273
X()F15 X()F16 X()F17 X()F18 X()F19 X()F20 X()F21
XtransectWoods
Xs(minute)Fx1
Xs(minute)Fx2
Xs(minute)Fx3
Xs(minute)Fx4
Xs(minute)Fx5
Xs(minute)Fx6
Xs(minute)Fx7
Xs(minute)Fx8
Xs(minute)Fx9
Xs(minute)Fx10
Xs(minute)Fx11
Xs(minute)Fx12
Xs(minute)Fx13
Xs(minute)Fx14
Xs(minute)Fx15
Xs(minute)Fx16 -0.720
Xs(minute)Fx17 0.638 -0.726
Xs(minute)Fx18 -0.742 0.894 -0.736
Xs(minute)Fx19 -0.420 0.678 -0.530 0.710
Xs(minute)Fx20 -0.722 0.831 -0.756 0.925 0.679
Xs(minute)Fx21 0.742 -0.929 0.752 -0.949 -0.692 -0.949
Xs(minute)Fx22 0.383 -0.267 0.394 -0.262 -0.415 -0.249 0.201
Standardized Within-Group Residuals:
Min Q1 Med Q3 Max
-1.6982854 -0.7007631 -0.2091577 0.8051801 4.4744210
Number of Observations: 15651
Number of Groups: 1
The model that includes transect is better than the base temporal model for PFD.
After accounting for temporal variation, and autocorrelation, the woods gets 300.7 µmol/m2/s less light than the meadow. This is close to the paired t-test result: 306 µmol/m2/s less light.
dAICc df
pfd.ar1.transect$lme 0.0 27
pfd.ar1.transect.penalized$lme 14.5 7
pfd.ar1$lme 388.9 26
pfd.uncorr$lme 20478.7 5
Family: gaussian
Link function: identity
Formula:
pfd ~ s(day.min, bs = "cc", k = 96) + s(minute, k = 23, fx = T) +
transect
Parametric coefficients:
Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
(Intercept) 348.506 9.687 35.98 <2e-16 ***
transectWoods -301.138 13.231 -22.76 <2e-16 ***
---
Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
Approximate significance of smooth terms:
edf Ref.df F p-value
s(day.min) 16.91 94 11.369 < 2e-16 ***
s(minute) 22.00 22 5.312 7.49e-15 ***
---
Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
R-sq.(adj) = 0.47
Scale est. = 73141 n = 15651
Linear mixed-effects model fit by maximum likelihood
Data: strip.offset(mf)
AIC BIC logLik
203481.7 203688.5 -101713.9
Random effects:
Formula: ~Xr - 1 | g
Structure: pdIdnot
Xr1 Xr2 Xr3 Xr4 Xr5 Xr6
StdDev: 0.7938905 0.7938905 0.7938905 0.7938905 0.7938905 0.7938905
Xr7 Xr8 Xr9 Xr10 Xr11 Xr12
StdDev: 0.7938905 0.7938905 0.7938905 0.7938905 0.7938905 0.7938905
Xr13 Xr14 Xr15 Xr16 Xr17 Xr18
StdDev: 0.7938905 0.7938905 0.7938905 0.7938905 0.7938905 0.7938905
Xr19 Xr20 Xr21 Xr22 Xr23 Xr24
StdDev: 0.7938905 0.7938905 0.7938905 0.7938905 0.7938905 0.7938905
Xr25 Xr26 Xr27 Xr28 Xr29 Xr30
StdDev: 0.7938905 0.7938905 0.7938905 0.7938905 0.7938905 0.7938905
Xr31 Xr32 Xr33 Xr34 Xr35 Xr36
StdDev: 0.7938905 0.7938905 0.7938905 0.7938905 0.7938905 0.7938905
Xr37 Xr38 Xr39 Xr40 Xr41 Xr42
StdDev: 0.7938905 0.7938905 0.7938905 0.7938905 0.7938905 0.7938905
Xr43 Xr44 Xr45 Xr46 Xr47 Xr48
StdDev: 0.7938905 0.7938905 0.7938905 0.7938905 0.7938905 0.7938905
Xr49 Xr50 Xr51 Xr52 Xr53 Xr54
StdDev: 0.7938905 0.7938905 0.7938905 0.7938905 0.7938905 0.7938905
Xr55 Xr56 Xr57 Xr58 Xr59 Xr60
StdDev: 0.7938905 0.7938905 0.7938905 0.7938905 0.7938905 0.7938905
Xr61 Xr62 Xr63 Xr64 Xr65 Xr66
StdDev: 0.7938905 0.7938905 0.7938905 0.7938905 0.7938905 0.7938905
Xr67 Xr68 Xr69 Xr70 Xr71 Xr72
StdDev: 0.7938905 0.7938905 0.7938905 0.7938905 0.7938905 0.7938905
Xr73 Xr74 Xr75 Xr76 Xr77 Xr78
StdDev: 0.7938905 0.7938905 0.7938905 0.7938905 0.7938905 0.7938905
Xr79 Xr80 Xr81 Xr82 Xr83 Xr84
StdDev: 0.7938905 0.7938905 0.7938905 0.7938905 0.7938905 0.7938905
Xr85 Xr86 Xr87 Xr88 Xr89 Xr90
StdDev: 0.7938905 0.7938905 0.7938905 0.7938905 0.7938905 0.7938905
Xr91 Xr92 Xr93 Xr94 Residual
StdDev: 0.7938905 0.7938905 0.7938905 0.7938905 270.4457
Correlation Structure: AR(1)
Formula: ~1 | g/t.order
Parameter estimate(s):
Phi
0.8048045
Fixed effects: y ~ X - 1
Value Std.Error DF t-value p-value
X(Intercept) 348.5056 9.6943 15627 35.94971 0.0000
XtransectWoods -301.1383 13.2406 15627 -22.74351 0.0000
Xs(minute)Fx1 193.8949 197.3601 15627 0.98244 0.3259
Xs(minute)Fx2 337.6766 684.3787 15627 0.49341 0.6217
Xs(minute)Fx3 -221.0097 139.9612 15627 -1.57908 0.1143
Xs(minute)Fx4 367.7976 396.4783 15627 0.92766 0.3536
Xs(minute)Fx5 265.2309 145.3325 15627 1.82499 0.0680
Xs(minute)Fx6 -351.4428 359.6077 15627 -0.97729 0.3284
Xs(minute)Fx7 64.6177 144.8745 15627 0.44603 0.6556
Xs(minute)Fx8 132.5536 353.2484 15627 0.37524 0.7075
Xs(minute)Fx9 17.6918 152.2465 15627 0.11621 0.9075
Xs(minute)Fx10 -280.9571 356.6254 15627 -0.78782 0.4308
Xs(minute)Fx11 -202.5062 160.7437 15627 -1.25981 0.2078
Xs(minute)Fx12 184.1036 362.4614 15627 0.50793 0.6115
Xs(minute)Fx13 18.8487 162.6408 15627 0.11589 0.9077
Xs(minute)Fx14 145.3336 369.2451 15627 0.39360 0.6939
Xs(minute)Fx15 -186.5074 167.7184 15627 -1.11203 0.2661
Xs(minute)Fx16 -256.5255 376.8522 15627 -0.68071 0.4961
Xs(minute)Fx17 53.8591 190.1886 15627 0.28319 0.7770
Xs(minute)Fx18 -123.8716 394.8605 15627 -0.31371 0.7537
Xs(minute)Fx19 41.9533 188.7694 15627 0.22225 0.8241
Xs(minute)Fx20 -305.6608 397.0535 15627 -0.76982 0.4414
Xs(minute)Fx21 926.1320 1253.8353 15627 0.73864 0.4601
Xs(minute)Fx22 -527.7503 472.9818 15627 -1.11579 0.2645
Correlation:
X(Int) XtrnsW Xs()F1 Xs()F2 Xs()F3 Xs()F4 Xs()F5 Xs()F6
XtransectWoods -0.736
Xs(minute)Fx1 -0.005 -0.001
Xs(minute)Fx2 0.015 -0.003 -0.369
Xs(minute)Fx3 -0.012 0.000 0.614 -0.923
Xs(minute)Fx4 0.016 -0.005 -0.392 0.992 -0.925
Xs(minute)Fx5 0.016 -0.006 -0.516 0.927 -0.913 0.926
Xs(minute)Fx6 -0.014 0.002 0.396 -0.986 0.922 -0.982 -0.921
Xs(minute)Fx7 -0.013 0.002 0.501 -0.898 0.883 -0.897 -0.866 0.891
Xs(minute)Fx8 0.015 -0.003 -0.395 0.979 -0.918 0.974 0.916 -0.968
Xs(minute)Fx9 -0.010 -0.002 0.507 -0.864 0.855 -0.865 -0.833 0.860
Xs(minute)Fx10 -0.018 0.008 0.394 -0.972 0.911 -0.966 -0.912 0.961
Xs(minute)Fx11 -0.009 -0.002 0.519 -0.828 0.829 -0.831 -0.803 0.827
Xs(minute)Fx12 0.015 -0.003 -0.392 0.966 -0.906 0.961 0.905 -0.954
Xs(minute)Fx13 0.010 0.000 -0.533 0.787 -0.800 0.790 0.771 -0.787
Xs(minute)Fx14 0.014 -0.003 -0.390 0.961 -0.901 0.955 0.900 -0.948
Xs(minute)Fx15 0.011 -0.001 -0.559 0.746 -0.772 0.751 0.736 -0.749
Xs(minute)Fx16 -0.016 0.006 0.382 -0.956 0.894 -0.950 -0.896 0.943
Xs(minute)Fx17 0.008 0.003 -0.581 0.740 -0.773 0.745 0.734 -0.744
Xs(minute)Fx18 -0.013 0.002 0.389 -0.951 0.893 -0.945 -0.892 0.936
Xs(minute)Fx19 -0.011 0.003 0.604 -0.672 0.727 -0.679 -0.676 0.679
Xs(minute)Fx20 -0.012 0.001 0.386 -0.948 0.890 -0.942 -0.890 0.934
Xs(minute)Fx21 0.015 -0.004 -0.332 0.998 -0.912 0.992 0.920 -0.985
Xs(minute)Fx22 -0.004 0.006 -0.882 -0.098 -0.203 -0.070 0.097 0.062
Xs()F7 Xs()F8 Xs()F9 X()F10 X()F11 X()F12 X()F13 X()F14
XtransectWoods
Xs(minute)Fx1
Xs(minute)Fx2
Xs(minute)Fx3
Xs(minute)Fx4
Xs(minute)Fx5
Xs(minute)Fx6
Xs(minute)Fx7
Xs(minute)Fx8 -0.885
Xs(minute)Fx9 0.807 -0.850
Xs(minute)Fx10 0.880 -0.953 0.844
Xs(minute)Fx11 0.774 -0.819 0.747 0.811
Xs(minute)Fx12 -0.877 0.946 -0.843 -0.939 -0.805
Xs(minute)Fx13 -0.736 0.784 -0.712 -0.775 -0.686 0.766
Xs(minute)Fx14 -0.872 0.940 -0.841 -0.931 -0.806 0.925 0.763
Xs(minute)Fx15 -0.708 0.744 -0.673 -0.741 -0.649 0.734 0.621 0.725
Xs(minute)Fx16 0.867 -0.935 0.836 0.925 0.806 -0.917 -0.765 -0.911
Xs(minute)Fx17 -0.700 0.739 -0.674 -0.735 -0.638 0.732 0.606 0.724
Xs(minute)Fx18 0.866 -0.928 0.834 0.918 0.802 -0.908 -0.766 -0.902
Xs(minute)Fx19 0.641 -0.677 0.611 0.672 0.585 -0.668 -0.553 -0.665
Xs(minute)Fx20 0.863 -0.924 0.834 0.914 0.800 -0.907 -0.762 -0.897
Xs(minute)Fx21 -0.890 0.978 -0.856 -0.971 -0.819 0.965 0.777 0.960
Xs(minute)Fx22 -0.096 -0.061 -0.119 0.058 -0.150 -0.057 0.187 -0.057
X()F15 X()F16 X()F17 X()F18 X()F19 X()F20 X()F21
XtransectWoods
Xs(minute)Fx1
Xs(minute)Fx2
Xs(minute)Fx3
Xs(minute)Fx4
Xs(minute)Fx5
Xs(minute)Fx6
Xs(minute)Fx7
Xs(minute)Fx8
Xs(minute)Fx9
Xs(minute)Fx10
Xs(minute)Fx11
Xs(minute)Fx12
Xs(minute)Fx13
Xs(minute)Fx14
Xs(minute)Fx15
Xs(minute)Fx16 -0.721
Xs(minute)Fx17 0.588 -0.713
Xs(minute)Fx18 -0.724 0.896 -0.710
Xs(minute)Fx19 -0.526 0.658 -0.529 0.650
Xs(minute)Fx20 -0.727 0.889 -0.718 0.886 0.644
Xs(minute)Fx21 0.734 -0.955 0.726 -0.950 -0.656 -0.948
Xs(minute)Fx22 0.235 0.063 0.262 0.053 -0.322 0.056 -0.137
Standardized Within-Group Residuals:
Min Q1 Med Q3 Max
-2.5697410 -0.6973062 -0.1839623 0.4423017 5.0107895
Number of Observations: 15651
Number of Groups: 1
R version 3.4.3 (2017-11-30)
Platform: x86_64-w64-mingw32/x64 (64-bit)
Running under: Windows 7 x64 (build 7601) Service Pack 1
Matrix products: default
locale:
[1] LC_COLLATE=English_United States.1252
[2] LC_CTYPE=English_United States.1252
[3] LC_MONETARY=English_United States.1252
[4] LC_NUMERIC=C
[5] LC_TIME=English_United States.1252
attached base packages:
[1] stats4 stats graphics grDevices utils datasets methods
[8] base
other attached packages:
[1] bindrcpp_0.2.2 maptools_0.9-4 sp_1.3-1 rgeos_0.3-28
[5] bbmle_1.0.20 mgcv_1.8-22 nlme_3.1-131 lubridate_1.7.4
[9] forcats_0.3.0 stringr_1.3.0 dplyr_0.7.6 purrr_0.2.4
[13] readr_1.1.1 tidyr_0.8.0 tibble_1.4.2 tidyverse_1.2.1
[17] cowplot_0.9.3 ggplot2_3.0.0
loaded via a namespace (and not attached):
[1] tidyselect_0.2.4 reshape2_1.4.3 haven_1.1.1
[4] lattice_0.20-35 colorspace_1.3-2 htmltools_0.3.6
[7] yaml_2.1.18 rlang_0.2.2 pillar_1.2.2
[10] foreign_0.8-69 glue_1.2.0 withr_2.1.2
[13] modelr_0.1.1 readxl_1.1.0 bindr_0.1.1
[16] plyr_1.8.4 munsell_0.4.3 gtable_0.2.0
[19] cellranger_1.1.0 rvest_0.3.2 codetools_0.2-15
[22] psych_1.8.4 evaluate_0.10.1 labeling_0.3
[25] knitr_1.20 parallel_3.4.3 broom_0.4.4
[28] Rcpp_0.12.16 scales_0.5.0 backports_1.1.2
[31] jsonlite_1.5 mnormt_1.5-5 hms_0.4.2
[34] digest_0.6.15 stringi_1.1.7 numDeriv_2016.8-1
[37] grid_3.4.3 rprojroot_1.3-2 cli_1.0.0
[40] tools_3.4.3 magrittr_1.5 lazyeval_0.2.1
[43] crayon_1.3.4 pkgconfig_2.0.1 Matrix_1.2-12
[46] xml2_1.2.0 assertthat_0.2.0 rmarkdown_1.9
[49] httr_1.3.1 rstudioapi_0.7 R6_2.2.2
[52] compiler_3.4.3