chore: exponential backoff in flaky kafka test #1217

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Unit tests (go stable)	6m 46s
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Integration tests (go ~1.24.0-rc.1, ubuntu, DRIVER)	8m 51s
Integration tests (go oldstable, windows, DRIVER)	27m 6s
Integration tests (go stable, windows, DRIVER)	28m 45s
Integration tests (go ~1.24.0-rc.1, windows, DRIVER)	28m 12s
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