Enhancement to ERA5 Data Retrieval and Download Process

[yndevops2]

This update introduces an optimized approach for data retrieval and caching for ERA5 data from the Climate Data Store (CDS). Key changes include:

1. Caching Mechanism: Added a caching mechanism to prevent repeated downloads for identical data requests. The cache files are named based on a unique hash of the request parameters, making subsequent retrievals faster by using pre-downloaded data.

2. Custom Download Function: Integrated a custom download function with a progress bar to enhance user experience. The function uses chunked downloading with error handling and retry mechanisms for a robust download process.

3. Progress Bar: A dynamic progress bar displays the download status of multiple files, with completed files removed from the display to improve readability.

These improvements aim to make data retrieval more efficient and user-friendly.

Closes # (if applicable).

Changes proposed in this Pull Request

Checklist

• Code changes are sufficiently documented; i.e. new functions contain docstrings and further explanations may be given in doc.
• Unit tests for new features were added (if applicable).
• Newly introduced dependencies are added to environment.yaml, environment_docs.yaml and setup.py (if applicable).
• A note for the release notes doc/release_notes.rst of the upcoming release is included.
• I consent to the release of this PR's code under the MIT license.

[lkstrp]

Thanks @yndevops2 for the contribution!
In general you can contact us via GitHub and PRs, you don't need to send any emails.
Still, I haven't heard back from you.

A caching feature like this adds a lot of overhead and I do not know if it is needed. Also, the CDS API already provides caching and there is no real use case for re-downloading data