feat: Add closest point and distance computation to `SurfaceBounds` #26535

Job	Run time
linux_ubuntu	2m 15s
linux_ubuntu_extra (ubuntu2204, 20)	2m 14s
linux_ubuntu_extra (ubuntu2204_clang, 20)	2m 2s
macos	2m 24s
linux_physmon	1s
linux_examples_test	1s
linux_physmon_perf_report	1s
	8m 58s

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