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2 changes: 0 additions & 2 deletions Climate_Projections/climate.html
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<li class="toctree-l1 has-children"><a class="reference internal" href="../Seasonal_Forecasts/seasonal.html">Quality assessments for Seasonal Forecasts</a><details><summary><span class="toctree-toggle" role="presentation"><i class="fa-solid fa-chevron-down"></i></span></summary><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../Seasonal_Forecasts/seasonal_seasonal-monthly-single-levels_forecast-skill_q02.html">Seasonal forecasts bias assessment for impact models</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../Seasonal_Forecasts/seasonal_seasonal-monthly-single-levels_forecast-skill_q04.html">Evaluation of the hit-rate of seasonal forecasts for tercile categories of monthly anomalies</a></li>


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2 changes: 0 additions & 2 deletions In_Situ/insitu.html
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<li class="toctree-l1 has-children"><a class="reference internal" href="../Seasonal_Forecasts/seasonal.html">Quality assessments for Seasonal Forecasts</a><details><summary><span class="toctree-toggle" role="presentation"><i class="fa-solid fa-chevron-down"></i></span></summary><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../Seasonal_Forecasts/seasonal_seasonal-monthly-single-levels_forecast-skill_q02.html">Seasonal forecasts bias assessment for impact models</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../Seasonal_Forecasts/seasonal_seasonal-monthly-single-levels_forecast-skill_q04.html">Evaluation of the hit-rate of seasonal forecasts for tercile categories of monthly anomalies</a></li>


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2 changes: 0 additions & 2 deletions Reanalyses/reanalysis.html
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<li class="toctree-l1 has-children"><a class="reference internal" href="../Seasonal_Forecasts/seasonal.html">Quality assessments for Seasonal Forecasts</a><details><summary><span class="toctree-toggle" role="presentation"><i class="fa-solid fa-chevron-down"></i></span></summary><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../Seasonal_Forecasts/seasonal_seasonal-monthly-single-levels_forecast-skill_q02.html">Seasonal forecasts bias assessment for impact models</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../Seasonal_Forecasts/seasonal_seasonal-monthly-single-levels_forecast-skill_q04.html">Evaluation of the hit-rate of seasonal forecasts for tercile categories of monthly anomalies</a></li>


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2 changes: 0 additions & 2 deletions Satellite_ECVs/satellite.html
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<li class="toctree-l1 has-children"><a class="reference internal" href="../Seasonal_Forecasts/seasonal.html">Quality assessments for Seasonal Forecasts</a><details><summary><span class="toctree-toggle" role="presentation"><i class="fa-solid fa-chevron-down"></i></span></summary><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../Seasonal_Forecasts/seasonal_seasonal-monthly-single-levels_forecast-skill_q02.html">Seasonal forecasts bias assessment for impact models</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="../Seasonal_Forecasts/seasonal_seasonal-monthly-single-levels_forecast-skill_q04.html">Evaluation of the hit-rate of seasonal forecasts for tercile categories of monthly anomalies</a></li>


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4 changes: 0 additions & 4 deletions Seasonal_Forecasts/seasonal.html
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<li class="toctree-l1 current active has-children"><a class="current reference internal" href="#">Quality assessments for Seasonal Forecasts</a><details open="open"><summary><span class="toctree-toggle" role="presentation"><i class="fa-solid fa-chevron-down"></i></span></summary><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="seasonal_seasonal-monthly-single-levels_forecast-skill_q02.html">Seasonal forecasts bias assessment for impact models</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="seasonal_seasonal-monthly-single-levels_forecast-skill_q04.html">Evaluation of the hit-rate of seasonal forecasts for tercile categories of monthly anomalies</a></li>


</ul>
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Expand Down Expand Up @@ -434,8 +432,6 @@ <h2>Available assessments<a class="headerlink" href="#available-assessments" tit
<ul>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="seasonal_seasonal-monthly-single-levels_forecast-skill_q02.html">Seasonal forecasts bias assessment for impact models</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="seasonal_seasonal-monthly-single-levels_forecast-skill_q04.html">Evaluation of the hit-rate of seasonal forecasts for tercile categories of monthly anomalies</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="seasonal_seasonal-monthly-single-levels_forecast-skill_q04.html#use-case-a-national-hydro-met-services-informing-decisions-in-agricultural-or-energy-applications">Use case: a national hydro-met services informing decisions in agricultural or energy applications</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="seasonal_seasonal-monthly-single-levels_forecast-skill_q04.html#quality-assessment-questions">Quality assessment questions</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
</section>
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<li class="toctree-l1 current active has-children"><a class="reference internal" href="seasonal.html">Quality assessments for Seasonal Forecasts</a><details open="open"><summary><span class="toctree-toggle" role="presentation"><i class="fa-solid fa-chevron-down"></i></span></summary><ul class="current">
<li class="toctree-l2 current active"><a class="current reference internal" href="#">Seasonal forecasts bias assessment for impact models</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="seasonal_seasonal-monthly-single-levels_forecast-skill_q04.html">Evaluation of the hit-rate of seasonal forecasts for tercile categories of monthly anomalies</a></li>


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<li class="toctree-l1 current active has-children"><a class="reference internal" href="seasonal.html">Quality assessments for Seasonal Forecasts</a><details open="open"><summary><span class="toctree-toggle" role="presentation"><i class="fa-solid fa-chevron-down"></i></span></summary><ul class="current">
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="seasonal_seasonal-monthly-single-levels_forecast-skill_q02.html">Seasonal forecasts bias assessment for impact models</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2 current active"><a class="current reference internal" href="#">Evaluation of the hit-rate of seasonal forecasts for tercile categories of monthly anomalies</a></li>


</ul>
</details></li>
</ul>
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</div>
<nav aria-label="Page">
<ul class="visible nav section-nav flex-column">
<li class="toc-h1 nav-item toc-entry"><a class="reference internal nav-link" href="#">Evaluation of the hit-rate of seasonal forecasts for tercile categories of monthly anomalies</a></li>
<li class="toc-h1 nav-item toc-entry"><a class="reference internal nav-link" href="#use-case-a-national-hydro-met-services-informing-decisions-in-agricultural-or-energy-applications">Use case: a national hydro-met services informing decisions in agricultural or energy applications</a></li>
<li class="toc-h1 nav-item toc-entry"><a class="reference internal nav-link" href="#quality-assessment-questions">Quality assessment questions</a><ul class="visible nav section-nav flex-column">
<li class="toc-h2 nav-item toc-entry"><a class="reference internal nav-link" href="#use-case-a-national-hydro-met-services-informing-decisions-in-agricultural-or-energy-applications">Use case: a national hydro-met services informing decisions in agricultural or energy applications</a></li>
<li class="toc-h2 nav-item toc-entry"><a class="reference internal nav-link" href="#quality-assessment-questions">Quality assessment questions</a></li>
<li class="toc-h2 nav-item toc-entry"><a class="reference internal nav-link" href="#quality-assessment-statement">Quality assessment statement</a></li>
<li class="toc-h2 nav-item toc-entry"><a class="reference internal nav-link" href="#methodology">Methodology</a></li>
<li class="toc-h2 nav-item toc-entry"><a class="reference internal nav-link" href="#analysis-and-results">Analysis and results</a><ul class="nav section-nav flex-column">
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</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>

</nav>
</div>
</div>
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<h1>Evaluation of the hit-rate of seasonal forecasts for tercile categories of monthly anomalies<a class="headerlink" href="#evaluation-of-the-hit-rate-of-seasonal-forecasts-for-tercile-categories-of-monthly-anomalies" title="Link to this heading">#</a></h1>
<p>Production date: 30/05/2024</p>
<p>Produced by: Sandro Calmanti (ENEA), Alessandro Dell’Aquila (ENEA)</p>
<section id="use-case-a-national-hydro-met-services-informing-decisions-in-agricultural-or-energy-applications">
<h2>Use case: a national hydro-met services informing decisions in agricultural or energy applications<a class="headerlink" href="#use-case-a-national-hydro-met-services-informing-decisions-in-agricultural-or-energy-applications" title="Link to this heading">#</a></h2>
</section>
<section class="tex2jax_ignore mathjax_ignore" id="use-case-a-national-hydro-met-services-informing-decisions-in-agricultural-or-energy-applications">
<h1>Use case: a national hydro-met services informing decisions in agricultural or energy applications<a class="headerlink" href="#use-case-a-national-hydro-met-services-informing-decisions-in-agricultural-or-energy-applications" title="Link to this heading">#</a></h1>
</section>
<section class="tex2jax_ignore mathjax_ignore" id="quality-assessment-questions">
<h1>Quality assessment questions<a class="headerlink" href="#quality-assessment-questions" title="Link to this heading">#</a></h1>
<section id="quality-assessment-questions">
<h2>Quality assessment questions<a class="headerlink" href="#quality-assessment-questions" title="Link to this heading">#</a></h2>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p><strong>What are the hit-rates for terciles categories in seasonal forecasts for anomalies above/below normal?</strong></p></li>
<li><p><strong>Can I use information from seasonal forecasts of monthly anomalies to make decisions?</strong></p></li>
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<p>A complementary aspect in describing the quality of seasonal forecasts is <strong>discrimination</strong>, which is the answer to the opposite question: do the forecasts differ when the outcome differ? As an example if, on average, a forecasting system issues always the same forecast, regardless of the expected outcome, there can be some <em>hits</em> in the forecast but, at the same time, the forecast would not be able to discriminate the occurrence of an event from a non-event. Discrimination is best measured by <strong>Relative Operating Characteristic (ROC)</strong> scores.</p>
<p>As long as there is some resolution or discrimination, there is a potential to extract some valuable information from the forecasts.</p>
<p>Indeed, the WMO <a class="reference external" href="https://library.wmo.int/records/item/56227-guidance-on-verification-of-operational-seasonal-climate-forecasts">Guidance on Verification of Operational Seasonal Climate Forecasts</a> highlights how the use of generalised methodologies for the assessment of seasonal forecasts sometimes represent limited attraction for new users. Therefore, the <a class="reference external" href="https://library.wmo.int/records/item/56227-guidance-on-verification-of-operational-seasonal-climate-forecasts">Guidance</a> recommends a range of methodologies of increasing complexity, including very simple ones like the hit-rate, which are particularly useful for introducing the potential value of seasonal forecasts to non-specialists.</p>
</section>
<section id="quality-assessment-statement">
<h2>Quality assessment statement<a class="headerlink" href="#quality-assessment-statement" title="Link to this heading">#</a></h2>
<div class="note admonition">
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</div>
<nav class="bd-toc-nav page-toc">
<ul class="visible nav section-nav flex-column">
<li class="toc-h1 nav-item toc-entry"><a class="reference internal nav-link" href="#">Evaluation of the hit-rate of seasonal forecasts for tercile categories of monthly anomalies</a></li>
<li class="toc-h1 nav-item toc-entry"><a class="reference internal nav-link" href="#use-case-a-national-hydro-met-services-informing-decisions-in-agricultural-or-energy-applications">Use case: a national hydro-met services informing decisions in agricultural or energy applications</a></li>
<li class="toc-h1 nav-item toc-entry"><a class="reference internal nav-link" href="#quality-assessment-questions">Quality assessment questions</a><ul class="visible nav section-nav flex-column">
<li class="toc-h2 nav-item toc-entry"><a class="reference internal nav-link" href="#use-case-a-national-hydro-met-services-informing-decisions-in-agricultural-or-energy-applications">Use case: a national hydro-met services informing decisions in agricultural or energy applications</a></li>
<li class="toc-h2 nav-item toc-entry"><a class="reference internal nav-link" href="#quality-assessment-questions">Quality assessment questions</a></li>
<li class="toc-h2 nav-item toc-entry"><a class="reference internal nav-link" href="#quality-assessment-statement">Quality assessment statement</a></li>
<li class="toc-h2 nav-item toc-entry"><a class="reference internal nav-link" href="#methodology">Methodology</a></li>
<li class="toc-h2 nav-item toc-entry"><a class="reference internal nav-link" href="#analysis-and-results">Analysis and results</a><ul class="nav section-nav flex-column">
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</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>

</nav></div>

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"\n",
"Produced by: Sandro Calmanti (ENEA), Alessandro Dell'Aquila (ENEA)\n",
"\n",
"# Use case: a national hydro-met services informing decisions in agricultural or energy applications\n",
"## Use case: a national hydro-met services informing decisions in agricultural or energy applications\n",
"\n",
"\n",
"# Quality assessment questions\n",
"## Quality assessment questions\n",
"* **What are the hit-rates for terciles categories in seasonal forecasts for anomalies above/below normal?** \n",
"* **Can I use information from seasonal forecasts of monthly anomalies to make decisions?**"
]
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<li class="toctree-l1 has-children"><a class="reference internal" href="Seasonal_Forecasts/seasonal.html">Quality assessments for Seasonal Forecasts</a><details><summary><span class="toctree-toggle" role="presentation"><i class="fa-solid fa-chevron-down"></i></span></summary><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Seasonal_Forecasts/seasonal_seasonal-monthly-single-levels_forecast-skill_q02.html">Seasonal forecasts bias assessment for impact models</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Seasonal_Forecasts/seasonal_seasonal-monthly-single-levels_forecast-skill_q04.html">Evaluation of the hit-rate of seasonal forecasts for tercile categories of monthly anomalies</a></li>


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</ul>
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2 changes: 0 additions & 2 deletions intro.html
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<li class="toctree-l1 has-children"><a class="reference internal" href="Seasonal_Forecasts/seasonal.html">Quality assessments for Seasonal Forecasts</a><details><summary><span class="toctree-toggle" role="presentation"><i class="fa-solid fa-chevron-down"></i></span></summary><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Seasonal_Forecasts/seasonal_seasonal-monthly-single-levels_forecast-skill_q02.html">Seasonal forecasts bias assessment for impact models</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Seasonal_Forecasts/seasonal_seasonal-monthly-single-levels_forecast-skill_q04.html">Evaluation of the hit-rate of seasonal forecasts for tercile categories of monthly anomalies</a></li>


</ul>
</details></li>
</ul>
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<li class="toctree-l1 has-children"><a class="reference internal" href="Seasonal_Forecasts/seasonal.html">Quality assessments for Seasonal Forecasts</a><details><summary><span class="toctree-toggle" role="presentation"><i class="fa-solid fa-chevron-down"></i></span></summary><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Seasonal_Forecasts/seasonal_seasonal-monthly-single-levels_forecast-skill_q02.html">Seasonal forecasts bias assessment for impact models</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="Seasonal_Forecasts/seasonal_seasonal-monthly-single-levels_forecast-skill_q04.html">Evaluation of the hit-rate of seasonal forecasts for tercile categories of monthly anomalies</a></li>


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