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Fast K-means Clustering Toolkit
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Version 0.1 (Sat May 17 17:41:11 CDT 2014)
    - Initial release.

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WHAT:
This software is a testbed for comparing variants of Lloyd's k-means clustering
algorithm.  It includes implementations of several algorithms that accelerate
the algorithm by avoiding unnecessary distance calculations.

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WHO:
Greg Hamerly ([email protected], primary contact) and Jonathan Drake
([email protected]).

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HOW TO BUILD THE SOFTWARE:
type "make" (and hope for the best)

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HOW TO RUN THE SOFTWARE:
The driver is designed to take commands from standard input, usually a file
that's been redirected as input:

    ./kmeans < commands.txt

You can read the source to find all the possible commands, but here is a
summary:
    - threads T -- use T threads for clustering
    - maxiterations I -- use at most I iterations; default (or negative)
      indicates an unlimited number
    - dataset D -- use the given path name to a file as the dataset for
      clustering. The dataset should have a first line with the number of points
      n and dimension d. The next (nd) tokens are taken as the n vectors
      to cluster.
    - initialize k {kpp|random} -- use the given method (k-means++ or a random
      sample of the points) to initialize k centers
    - lloyd, hamerly, annulus, elkan, compare, sort, heap, adaptive -- perform
      k-means clustering with the given algorithm (requires first having
      initialized the centers). The adaptive algorithm is Drake's algorithm with
      a heuristic for choosing an initial B
    - drake B -- use Drake's algorithm with B lower bounds
    - kernel [gaussian T | linear | polynomial P] -- use kernelized k-means with
      the given kernel
    - elkan_kernel [gaussian T | linear | polynomial P] -- use kernelized
      k-means with the given kernel, and Elkan's accelerations
    - center -- give the previously-loaded dataset a mean of 0.
    - quit -- quit the program

Note that when a set of centers is initialized, that same set of centers is used
from then on (until a new initialization occurs). So running a clustering
algorithm multiple times will use the same initialization each time.

Here is an example of a simple set of commands:

    dataset smallDataset.txt
    initialize 10 kpp

    annulus
    hamerly
    adaptive
    heap
    elkan
    sort
    compare


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CAVEATS:
- This software has been developed and tested on Linux. Other platforms may not
  work. Please let us know if you have difficulties, and if possible fixes for
  the code.

- This software uses a non-standard pthreads function called
  pthread_barrier_wait(), which is implemented on Linux but not on OSX.
  Therefore, multithreading doesn't currently work on OSX.  To turn it off,
  comment out the lines in the Makefile that say:

    CPPFLAGS += -DUSE_THREADS
    LDFLAGS += -lpthread


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REFERENCES:

Phillips, Steven J. "Acceleration of k-means and related clustering algorithms."
In Algorithm Engineering and Experiments, pp. 166-177. Springer Berlin
Heidelberg, 2002.

Elkan, Charles. "Using the triangle inequality to accelerate k-means." In ICML,
vol. 3, pp. 147-153. 2003.

Hamerly, Greg. "Making k-means Even Faster." In SDM, pp. 130-140. 2010.

Drake, Jonathan, and Greg Hamerly. "Accelerated k-means with adaptive distance
bounds." In 5th NIPS Workshop on Optimization for Machine Learning. 2012.

Drake, Jonathan. "Faster k-means clustering." MS thesis, 2013.

Hamerly, Greg, and Jonathan Drake. "Accelerating Lloyd's algorithm for k-means
clustering." To appear in Partitional Clustering Algorithms, Springer, 2014.