Docker Utilities for Node Execution and Subsystems (DUNES) is a tool to abstract over Leap programs, CDT, and other services/tools to perform the functions of node management, compiling smart contracts, running tests, and several other common tasks required to develop smart contracts on Antelope blockchains.
First we must install Docker.
Once you select the Docker Desktop for your operating system the installation process is very straight forward.
Start your Docker Desktop, visit its settings and add the root directory of the host system to shared directories.
Check the installation with the command
$ docker --helpThis should display the list of commands and features. If it fails with unknown command the installation did not work correctly.
The Docker installation package consists of two independent products which install together: Docker Engine and Docker Desktop.
It is easy to confuse which system you are currently working with.
Docker Desktop has a built-in daemon which works in parallel with the dockerd daemon.
Docker Desktop keeps its settings and storage of images and containers in the user's home directory.
Docker Engine keeps its settings and storage in the system directories.
Docker Desktop works with userns-remap turned on only. It is hardcoded and can't be changed.
Docker Desktop has a built-in daemon which works in parallel with the dockerd daemon.
Therefore, to successfully work with DUNES you should:
Depending on the distro you are using will determine which python3 package to install.
| Distro | Package Name |
|---|---|
| Ubuntu | python3 |
| RHEL | rh-python36 * (need to use scl enable rh-python36 bash) |
| Centos | python3 |
| Arch | python |
This is the fastest way to get started. From the latest release page, download DUNES *.deb file or visit the release tags page to download specific version of DUNES deb package.
Once you have a *.deb file downloaded, you can install it as follows:
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install -y ~/Downloads/dunes*.debYour download path may vary.
From the latest release page, download DUNES *.rpm file.
Once you have a *.rpm file downloaded, you can install it as follows:
sudo rpm -i ~/Downloads/dunes*.rpmYour download path may vary.
Finally, verify DUNES was installed correctly in /usr/opt/DUNES/. First add DUNES to Path and check:
dunes --versionYou should see a DUNES version number. For example:
v1.0.0
Latest DUNES docker image will be downloaded automatically when starting the DUNES as described in Node management.
To keep from having to install files to the user's system, the preferred method of usage is to add this directory to your PATH.
$ echo "PATH=<LocationOfDUNES>:$PATH" >> .bashrcIf you want to rebuild the DUNES image pick your preferred terminal application and input the following command:
<PathToDUNES>/DUNES$ python3 ./bootstrap.pyIn some cases (i.e. running Docker from VirtualBox) you might need to turn on hardware virtualization in the BIOS of your computer. Docker should give an error stating this failure. Because of the variance of motherboards and BIOS implementations we can't give a clear description as to how to turn this on, but a quick google search with your PC make and model should find the information you would need.
You can then start the program Docker Desktop.
You should see the following:
Installing Python 3 on Windows is pretty straightforward.
Visit the download page for Python 3. You should see the link to the latest Python 3:
Make sure you mark "Add Python to PATH" during installation.
After installation open cmd.exe and verify python --version returns current Python version.
- Install Chocolatey.
- Download latest
*.nupkgfrom latest release page. - Run PowerShell as administrator and go to the directory where your *
.nupkgwas downloaded. - If you already have Docker Desktop installed then run following commands:
choco uninstall dunes -y
choco install docker-desktop --skip-powershell
choco install netfx-4.8 python311 -y
This way, your existing Docker Desktop installation will not be affected.
If you do not have Docker Desktop installed run:
choco uninstall dunes -y
choco install netfx-4.8 python311 docker-desktop -y
- Now restart PowerShell as administrator again (so that
pythoncommand could be executed) and run:
choco install .\dunes.1.1.2.nupkg -y
- Restart your computer (this is because %PATH% has to be reloaded. In cmd.exe it is enough to run command
refreshenv). - Open PowerShell / cmd.exe and try that following command works:
dunes.bat --version.
NOTE: Chocolatey does not detect python installed via other means, so it is possible some dependencies will be installed twice. Usually it is not an issue, but if it is you can follow this solution.
Due to current Docker Desktop limitations DUNES supports only C:/ disk drive, so all your DUNES projects or workspace needs to be on C:/ drive.
When finished installing. Check the installation with the command.
$ docker --helpPython 3 should already be installed.
To keep from having to install files to the user's system, the preferred method of usage is to add this directory to your PATH.
$ echo "PATH=<LocationOfDUNES>:$PATH" >> .bashrc-h or --help This will display the available commands and a small description of each and argument values.
--start
This will start a new node for deploying smart contracts and send actions against.
This command takes a name of your choosing and an optional config.ini (look at scripts/config.ini for reference).
--stop This will stop a node that is running. This command takes a name of a node that was previously started.
--remove This will remove a node from the system. This command takes a name of a node that was previously started.
--list This will print the status of all nodes currently in the system. It will display if the node is active, running, and the ports for http/p2p/SHiP.
--simple-list
Does the same thing as --list but does not use unicode and other formatting for use with scripts or plugins.
--set-active This will set a node as the current active node. This command takes a name of a node that was previously started.
--get-active This will return the name of the currently active node.
--export-node This will create a snapshot and tar ball the state snapshot, blocklog and index and export to desired location. This command takes a name of a node that was previously started, and a directory to save the exported node contents.
--import-node This will import a previously exported node.tgz. This command takes the path of the export and the name of what you want to name the imported node.
--monitor This will return information from the currently active node.
--import-dev-key This will import a private key into the pre-created developer wallet. This command takes a private key.
--create-key This will produce a public key and private key pair for development uses.
--export-wallet This will export the system wallet to your current directory.
--import-wallet This will import an exported wallet from a given location. This command takes a path that points to the exported wallet.
--create-account This will create a new on-chain account. This command takes a compatible name for the new Antelope account and an optional creator (also a valid Antelope account name).
--system-newaccount
This will create a new account on the blockchain with initial resources using command cleos system newaccount
--create-cmake-app This will produce a new smart contract project that utilizes CMake as its build system. This command takes a project name and a directory.
--create-bare-app
This will produce a new smart contract project that is bare, i.e. uses only cdt-cpp tools. This command takes a project name and a directory.
--cmake-build This will build a given CMake app project. This command takes a directory to the project and optional CMake flags.
--destroy-container This will destroy and remove the currently running container. WARNING! This will delete all data that is running. This is useful if you need to update to a new version of DUNES or if you corrupt the container some how.
--stop-container This will stop the currently running container.
--start-container
This will start the dunes container.
--set-core-contract This will deploy the core contract to an account. This command takes a valid Antelope account name.
--set-bios-contract This will deploy the bios contract to an account. This command takes a valid Antelope account name.
--set-token-contract This will deploy the token contract to an account. This command takes a valid Antelope account name.
--bootstrap-system
This will install the boot contract to the eosio account and activate all protocol features.
--bootstrap-system-full
This will install the boot contract to the eosio account and activate all protocol features.
It will also create all the accounts needed by the core, token, and multisig contracts from reference-contracts and deploy those three contracts to their corresponding accounts. Note that the core contract will replace the boot contract on the eosio account.
Following optional arguments can be provided:
- currency (default is "SYS")
- maximum value (default is "10000000000.0000"). Maximum total value of issued currency. Precision of maximum value needs to be 4.
- initial value (default is "1000000000.0000"). Initial value of issued currency to system account
eosio. Precision of initial value needs to be 4.
--send-action This will send an action to an account. This command takes a valid Antelope account name, a valid Antelope action name, the data payload needed and the permission.
--get-table This will get table data from the specified table. This command takes a valid Antelope account name, table scope, and table name.
--activate-feature This will activate a protocol feature. This command takes a code name for the protocol feature.
--list-features This will list the available protocol feature code names.
--leap Sets specific version of leap. If no version is provided then a list of available Leap versions will be displayed.
--cdt Sets specific version of CDT (Contract Development Toolkit). If no version is provided then a list of available CDT versions will be displayed.
--version-all Lists version of DUNES, leap and CDT
--upgrade Upgrades DUNES docker image to the latest version
-- (Not listed with help) This will allow you to call the tool and pass through to the underlying system.
The core concept of this utility is to abstract over Leap programs such as nodeos and cleos, CDT, etc.
As such some of the commands might seem restrictive. Please take note that if you find any of the commands to be too
restrictive then you can use the command -- followed by whatever normal cleos, nodeos, CDT and OS commands that you need.
When you run any command with DUNES, if a container has not been created yet it will automatically create one for you.
The command of start-container shouldn't necessarily be needed during normal operation.
A developer wallet is automatically created for you and is always unlocked
and none of the commands will ever ask you to unlock the wallet.
If you need to run any cleos wallet commands or keosd commands via -- and the wallet is locked,
then simply run one of the wallet commands from DUNES first and it will unlock the wallet.
If you deploy a smart contract to an account it will automatically add the code permission to that account for you.
The drive/directory that your workspace is in is mapped into the container and prefixed with /host.
So on Windows this would be /host/Users/<name>/<some path> (NOTE: on Windows only C:/ disk drive is supported).
On Linux and Mac this would be something like /host/home/<name>/<some path>.
For all of the deployment commands and most of the commands in general you have to have at least one node up and running.
Let's create a new node.
$ dunes --start test_nodeIf you run this for the first time DUNES docker image will be downloaded. It will create a new Leap node and start it up.
If you have custom ports or options you need for the node, a config.ini file can be provided.
$ dunes --start test_node <path-to-config>/config.iniNow let's say that we are done with that node for a while, then we can stop any node we want.
$ dunes --stop test_nodeFrom here we can also remove any node via --remove <node name>.
The command --list will provide a listing of nodes in the current container.
$ dunes --list
This gives us information about the nodes, their particular ports, if the node is running and a new concept of is the node active.
The way DUNES operates is state based, so you set the active node to which node you want and fire away at the commands and any that are directed towards the nodes or are listening to nodes will set their URL information correctly and immediately. This state persists after shutting down the software.
When you create a new node, as long as it is successful, it will automatically switch to that node as the active node.
You can manually set the active node with the command --set-active <node name>.
When creating multiple nodes you have the option to stop the currently running node if the ports clash or change the ports via the config.ini and start the node in parallel.
If we start them in parallel we can create complex topologies of nodes via the config.ini and try to replicate things like an EOS mainnet or the like.
These types of topologies are out of the scope of this README but please look at documentation for Leap node configurations.
Let's start by creating a new project in our workspace.
$ dunes --create-cmake-app hello ./This should produce a file structure like the picture below:
Modify the source code how you like.
Then, let's compile the contract.
$ dunes --cmake-build ./
Let's start by create a new bare project in our workspace.
$ dunes --create-bare-app hello ./This should produce a file structure like the picture below:
Modify the source code how you like.
Then, let's compile the contract.
$ dunes -- cdt-cpp /host/<path>/hello/hello.cpp -o /host/<path>/hello/hello.wasmLet's start off by creating some accounts.
$ dunes --create-account bucky
$ dunes --create-account test
$ dunes --create-account aregFrom here we can deploy built smart contracts.
$ dunes --deploy ./hello bucky
$ dunes --deploy ./example/talk/build/talk test
$ dunes --deploy ./sudo/build/sudo aregLet's send some actions to the accounts.
$ dunes --send-action bucky hi '[bucky]' bucky@active
$ dunes --send-action test post '[1, 0, bucky, "message"]' test
$ dunes --send-action areg wrap ...The only current command open is --get-table which is analogous to cleos get table.
$ dunes --get-table <ACCOUNT> <SCOPE> <TABLE NAME>This will allow for all of the same utilities from cleos itself. As we move forward we hope to greatly expand upon these utilities.
The services through the docker container are exposed at 8888 for http, 9876 for p2p and 8080 for SHiP. You will need to ensure the running node is using those ports.
Earlier we saw a simple way above to create accounts using --create-account <ACCOUNT NAME>.
But we also have the ability to supply the creator of the account and the public and private key optionally.
$ dunes --create-account bucky fooThe above command will use the existing foo account to create a new account account called bucky
and it will automatically generate the public and private key pair for this account and import the private key into the development wallet.
Or, to explicitly specify the public and private key pair of the new account:
$ dunes --create-account bucky foo EOS7qPSKJhqygQTSNjMy8aH6TL6NtsYJnBJ7fxh7Y4SFLiXYdhjGD 5KNYGzaLo9aTjiXG7oeKGy5JWkQVkAha1Xi9DXNedvojovPhnLCClearly you don't want to do this with real private keys or sensitive accounts.
At some point you will want to activate protocol features for your chain.
This can be achieved in a few ways with DUNES.
The first is by using the command --activate-feature.
This will require you to know which protocol features you want to enable.
A list of available features are listed via --list-features.
If will try to preactivate the protocol features if it hasn't already done so, so you shouldn't have to worry about that step.
Next is using one of the two bootstrapping commands.
The first is bootstrap-system.
$ dunes --bootstrap-systemThis will preactivate protocol features, set the boot contract and activate all protocol features.
The second is bootstrap-system-full.
$ dunes --bootstrap-system-fullThis will do the same as --bootstrap-system but additionally set the contracts
from reference-contracts
and create the correct accounts needed for those.
The default wallet is created for you and always unlocked for you when using this system.
The wallet of DUNES is not in any way designed to be a secure wallet.
During testing or replication of state we sometimes might want to import a previous wallet.
DUNES exposes two commands --export-wallet and --import-wallet <WALLET DIR>.
export-wallet will produce a .tgz at the current location called wallet.tgz.
import-wallet will take the directory of the wallet.tgz and import it over the current wallet of the system.
You can also create a public key private key pair with the command --create-key.
And lastly, we can import a development key if we need to manually do so with the command --import-dev-key.
Sometimes the running container can get corrupted or overly large and you will want to purge it and start fresh.
To do this use the command destroy-container.
$ dunes --destroy-containerThis will stop the running container and erase it.
When you are done for the day it is best practice to stop the container, which is exposed via stop-container.
$ dunes --stop-containerThis will stop all running nodes safely, and then stop the running container.
And lastly, if you are building some IDE plugin support or ancillary tooling you will want to start the container.
$ dunes --start-containerAs mentioned above all commands that use the container will automatically create a new container if one does not exist and automatically start the container if is stopped.
DUNES can be extended with custom functionality using plugins: Documentation of DUNES plugins
DUNES supports autocompletion using argcomplete.
For one time activation of argcomplete in bash run:
eval "$(register-python-argcomplete dunes)"
Above can be added to .bashrc.
Example of autocompletion:
user@localhost:~/$ dunes --set-
--set-active --set-bios-contract --set-core-contract --set-token-contract
For more information about how to install autocompletion globally or in zsh: https://github.com/kislyuk/argcomplete#global-completion