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Personal nix-based configuration for all my computers and servers

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NixOS Setup

All configurations select the correct device name through their hostname. When setting up a new host, please run the following first:

hostname MACHINE_NAME

You may also change the hostname as follows:

nix run github:mirkolenz/nixos -- --hostname MACHINE_NAME

NixOS

Graphical Setup

  1. Install NixOS with provided ISO
  2. Create config: nixos-generate-config
  3. Migrate generated /etc/nixos/configuration.nix and /etc/nixos/hardware-configuration.nix to this flake manually
  4. Eventually install git in a temporary shell: nix shell nixpkgs#git
# Large changes (like first time)
sudo nix run github:mirkolenz/nixos -- -o boot
# Small changes
sudo nix run github:mirkolenz/nixos

Terminal Setup

Partitioning using parted

parted -l # find device name, most likely /dev/sda
wipefs -a /dev/sda
parted /dev/sda
mklabel gpt
mkpart boot fat32 0% 512MiB
set 1 esp on
unit GiB print free
# determine the swap size by substractting the amount of your ram from the free size
# for instance, free size here is 238GiB and the ram of the system is 8GiB
mkpart root ext4 512MiB 230GiB
mkpart swap linux-swap 230GiB 100%

Partitioning using fdisk

One can also use the ncurses-based program cfdisk.

# Find out the device name, most likely /dev/sda
fdisk -l # or lsblk
wipefs -a /dev/sda
fdisk /dev/sda
g # empty gpt partition table
n # new partition
1 # partition number
2048 # first sector, default
+512M # last sector
t # change partition type
1 # partition number (if not already selected)
1 # efi partition type
n # new partition
2 # partition number
# first sector, default
-16G # last sector, size of swap (about the size of your ram)
n # new partition
3 # partition number
# first sector, default
# last sector, default
t # change partition type
3 # partition number
19 # linux swap
v # verify
w # write

Formatting

mkfs.fat -F 32 -n boot /dev/sda1
mkfs.ext4 -L root /dev/sda2
mkswap -L swap /dev/sda3

Mounting

mount /dev/disk/by-label/root /mnt
swapon /dev/disk/by-label/swap
mkdir -p /mnt/boot
mount /dev/disk/by-label/boot /mnt/boot

Installation

If you get an error like too many open files during nixos-install, try one of the following options:

  • Execute ulimit -n 65535 before installing to increase the number of open files for the current shell session
  • Use --max-jobs 2 to limit the number of parallel jobs (could also try with 1 max job)
nixos-generate-config --root /mnt
cd /mnt/etc/nixos/
# Now verify that the hardware configuration of this flake is in sync with the generated `hardware-configuration.nix`
# The machine name is required for the nixos-install command, even if hostname is updated
nixos-install --flake github:mirkolenz/nixos#MACHINE_NAME
# One could append --no-root-passwd to the command, but that may affect the ability to enter emergency mode

A warning about /boot being world-readable is not an issue, the permissions are correctly set after a reboot.

Troubleshooting

If getting an error like Getting status of /nix/store/...: No such file or directory, try the following

nix-store --verify --check-contents --repair

Tailscale

Mac Computers

Installation

  1. Install Apple Developer Tools: xcode-select --install
  2. Install Homebrew
  3. Install Nix
  4. Sign in to the App Store
  5. Enable Full Disk Access for terminal application
nix --extra-experimental-features "nix-command flakes" run github:mirkolenz/nixos
chsh -s /run/current-system/sw/bin/fish
sudo reboot
# Add ssh key to keychain
ssh-add --apple-use-keychain ~/.ssh/id_ed25519

Uninstallation

chsh -s /bin/zsh
/nix/var/nix/profiles/default/bin/nix run github:mirkolenz/nixos#darwin-uninstaller
/nix/nix-installer uninstall

Applications and Settings

System Preferences
  • General > About: Set name
  • Wallpaper: Solid color (black)
  • Appearance > Allow wallpaper tinting in windows: Off
  • Keyboard > Keyboard Shortcuts > Modifier Keys: Caps Lock -> Option
  • Keyboard > Keyboard Shortcuts > App Shortcuts: Disable all
  • Keyboard > Keyboard Shortcuts > Spotlight: Disable all
iTerm2
  • Setting > General > Preferences > Load preferences from a custom folder or URL: iCloud Drive
Raycast
  • Settings > Advanced > Import/Export (also set up new schedule)
  • Settings > Account > Login
  • Settings > Extensions > Scripts > Plus: iCloud Drive
  • Launch > Manage Fallback Command: Add Kagi
Visual Studio Code
  • Settings > Backup and Sync Setting > GitHub
Rectangle
  • Settings > General > Sync over iCloud
Zotero
  • Install Better BibTeX
  • Settings > General > Customize Filename Format > {{ creators max="1" case="hyphen" }}-{{ year }}-{{ title truncate="50" case="hyphen" }}
  • Settings General > Reader > Tabs > Creator - Title - Year
  • Settings > Export > Item Format > Better BibTeX Citation Key Quick Copy
  • Settings > Export > Note Format > Markdown + Rich Text
  • Settings > Better BibTeX > Citation Key Format > auth.capitalize + year + shorttitle(3,3)
  • Settings > Better BibTeX > Citation Key Format > Automatic Export > Delay > 10 seconds
Default Folder X
  • Settings > Options > Sync settings via iCloud
iA Presenter
  • Move theme to $HOME/Library/Containers/net.ia.presenter/Data/Library/Application Support/iA Presenter/Themes
Contexts
  • Sidebar > Show Sidebar on > No display
  • Search > Search with > Disable
  • Command-Tab > Command-Tab: Show windows of all apps
    • Minimized: Show at bottom
    • Hidden: Show at bottom
    • Apps without windows: Do not show
  • Command-Tab > Command-Backtick: Show windows of active app
    • Minimized: Do not show
    • Hidden: Do not show
    • Apps without windows: Do not show
Arq Backup

Additional wildcard exclude rules:

.venv
.direnv
.devenv
node_modules
*/OrbStack
*/.orbstack
*/Library/CloudStorage
*/Library/Application Support/

Home-Manger Standalone

Note: Reconnect via SSH after installing nix.

sudo /nix/var/nix/profiles/default/bin/nix upgrade-nix
nix run github:mirkolenz/nixos#home
sudo usermod -s $(which fish) "$USER"

Utilities and Snippets

NixOS Generators

  • If building for another architecture on NixOS: Enable cross compiling
  • Available formats:
    • installer-iso
    • installer-raspi
nix build github:mirkolenz/nixos#FORMAT --system SYSTEM

Update Raspberry Pi

https://nix.dev/tutorials/installing-nixos-on-a-raspberry-pi#updating-firmware

nix shell pkgs#raspberrypi-eeprom
sudo mount /dev/disk/by-label/FIRMWARE /mnt
sudo env BOOTFS=/mnt FIRMWARE_RELEASE_STATUS=default rpi-eeprom-update -d -a
sudo reboot

Use MakeMKV

# otherwise the optical drive is not found: https://discourse.nixos.org/t/makemkv-cant-find-my-usb-blu-ray-drive/23714
sudo modprobe sg
# if that does not work, try again with sudo
NIXPKGS_ALLOW_UNFREE=1 nix run pkgs#makemkv --impure

Investigate ID Mappings

sudo podman run --rm --subuidname=$USER ubuntu cat /proc/self/uid_map

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Personal nix-based configuration for all my computers and servers

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macos linux dotfiles nix nixos nixos-configuration flake

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