NAME

Test::FITesque::RDF - Formulate Test::FITesque fixture tables in RDF

SYNOPSIS

my $suite = Test::FITesque::RDF->new(source => $file)->suite;
$suite->run_tests;

See t/integration-basic.t for a full test script example using this simplest way.

To run a single test script with several fixture tables, you can either add the tests to a suite, like this:

my @files = ('test1.ttl','test2.ttl');
my $suite = Test::FITesque::Suite->new;

foreach my $file (@files) {
  $suite->add(Test::FITesque::RDF->new(source => $path . $file)->suite);
}
$suite->run_tests;

or iterate and run the tests for each fixture table like this:

my @files = ('test1.ttl','test2.ttl');

foreach my $file (@files) {
  diag("Reading tests from $path$file");
  my $suite = Test::FITesque::RDF->new(source => $path . $file)->suite;
  $suite->run_tests;
}

DESCRIPTION

This module enables the use of Resource Description Framework to describe fixture tables. It will take the filename of an RDF file and return a Test::FITesque::Suite object that can be used to run tests.

The RDF serves to identify the implementation of certain fixtures, and can also supply parameters that can be used by the tests, e.g. input parameters or expectations. See Test::FITesque for more on how the fixtures are implemented.

ATTRIBUTES AND METHODS

This module implements the following attributes and methods:

• source

  Required attribute to the constructor. Takes a Path::Tiny object pointing to the RDF file containing the fixture tables. The value will be converted into an appropriate object, so a string can also be supplied.

• suite

  Will return a Test::FITesque::Suite object, based on the RDF data supplied to the constructor.

• transform_rdf

  Will return an arrayref containing tests in the structure used by Test::FITesque::Test. Most users will rather call the suite method than to call this method directly.

• base_uri

  A IRI to use in parsing the RDF fixture tables to resolve any relative URIs.

REQUIRED RDF

The following must exist in the test description (see below for an example and prefix expansions):

• test:fixtures

  The object(s) of this predicate lists the test fixtures that will run for this test suite. May take an RDF List. Links to the test descriptions, which follow below.

• test:test_script

  The object of this predicate points to information on how the actual test will be run. That is formulated in a separate resource which requires two predicates, deps:test-requirement predicate, whose object contains the class name of the implementation of the tests; and nfo:definesFunction whose object is a string which matches the actual function name within that class.

• test:purpose

  The object of this predicate provides a literal description of the test.

• test:params

  The object of this predicate links to the parameters, which may have many different shapes. See below for examples.

PARAMETERIZATION

This module seeks to parameterize the tests, and does so using mostly the test:params predicate above. This is passed on as a hashref to the test scripts.

There are two main ways currently implemented, one creates key-value pairs, and uses predicates and objects for that respectively, in vocabularies chosen by the test writer. The other main way is create lists of HTTP requests and responses.

If the object of a test parameter is a literal, it will be passed as a plain string, if it is a Attean::IRI, it will be passed as a URI object.

Additionally, a special parameter -special is passed on for internal framework use. The leading dash is not allowed as the start character of a local name, and therefore chosen to avoid conflicts with other parameters.

The literal given in test:purpose above is passed on as with the description key in this hashref.

RDF EXAMPLE

The below example starts with prefix declarations. Then, the tests in the fixture table are listed explicitly. Only tests mentioned using the test:fixtures predicate will be used. Tests may be an RDF List, in which case, the tests will run in the specified sequence, if not, no sequence may be assumed.

Then, two test fixtures are declared. The actual implementation is referenced through test:test_script for both functions.

The test:params predicate is used to link the parameters that will be sent as a hashref into the function. The <test:purpose> predicate is required to exist outside of the parameters, but will be included as a parameter as well, named description in the -special hashref.

There are two mechanisms for passing parameters to the test scripts, one is simply to pass arbitrary key-value pairs, the other is to pass lists of HTTP request-response objects. Both mechanisms may be used.

Key-value parameters

The key of the hashref passed as arguments will be the local part of the predicate used in the description (i.e. the part after the colon in e.g. my:all). It is up to the test writer to mint the URIs of the parameters.

The test writer may optionally use a param_base to indicate the namespace, in which case the the local part is resolved by the framework, using URI::NamespaceMap. If param_base is not given, the full URI will be passed to the test script.

@prefix test: <http://ontologi.es/doap-tests#> .
@prefix deps: <http://ontologi.es/doap-deps#>.
@prefix dc:   <http://purl.org/dc/terms/> .
@prefix my:   <http://example.org/my-parameters#> .
@prefix nfo:  <http://www.semanticdesktop.org/ontologies/2007/03/22/nfo#> .
@prefix :     <http://example.org/test#> .


:test_list a test:FixtureTable ;
   test:fixtures :test1, :test2 .

:test1 a test:AutomatedTest ;
   test:param_base <http://example.org/my-parameters#> ;
   test:purpose "Echo a string"@en ;
   test:test_script <http://example.org/simple#string_found> ;
   test:params [ my:all "counter-clockwise dahut" ] .

:test2 a test:AutomatedTest ;
   test:param_base <http://example.org/my-parameters#> ;
   test:purpose "Multiply two numbers"@en ;
   test:test_script <http://example.org/multi#multiplication> ;
   test:params [
       my:factor1 6 ;
       my:factor2 7 ;
       my:product 42
   ] .

<http://example.org/simple#string_found> a nfo:SoftwareItem ;
   nfo:definesFunction "string_found" ;
   deps:test-requirement "Internal::Fixture::Simple"^^deps:CpanId .

<http://example.org/multi#multiplication> a nfo:SoftwareItem ;
   nfo:definesFunction "multiplication" ;
   deps:test-requirement "Internal::Fixture::Multi"^^deps:CpanId .

HTTP request-response lists

To allow testing HTTP-based interfaces, this module also allows the construction of an ordered list of HTTP requests and response pairs. With those, the framework will construct HTTP::Request and HTTP::Response objects. In tests scripts, the request objects will typically be passed to the LWP::UserAgent as input, and then the response from the remote server will be compared with the asserted HTTP::Responses made by the test fixture.

We will go through an example in chunks:

@prefix test: <http://ontologi.es/doap-tests#> .
@prefix deps: <http://ontologi.es/doap-deps#>.
@prefix httph:<http://www.w3.org/2007/ont/httph#> .
@prefix http: <http://www.w3.org/2007/ont/http#> .
@prefix nfo:  <http://www.semanticdesktop.org/ontologies/2007/03/22/nfo#> .
@prefix :     <http://example.org/test#> .

:test_list a test:FixtureTable ;
   test:fixtures :public_writeread_unauthn_alt .

:public_writeread_unauthn_alt a test:AutomatedTest ;
   test:purpose "To test if we can write first using HTTP PUT then read with GET"@en ;
   test:test_script <http://example.org/httplist#http_req_res_list_unauthenticated> ;
   test:params [
       test:steps (
           [
               test:request :public_writeread_unauthn_alt_put_req ;
               test:response_assertion :public_writeread_unauthn_alt_put_res
           ]
           [
               test:request :public_writeread_unauthn_alt_get_req ;
               test:response_assertion :public_writeread_unauthn_alt_get_res
           ]
       )
   ] .

<http://example.org/httplist#http_req_res_list_unauthenticated> a nfo:SoftwareItem ;
   deps:test-requirement "Example::Fixture::HTTPList"^^deps:CpanId ;
   nfo:definesFunction "http_req_res_list_unauthenticated" .

In the above, after the prefixes, a single test is declared using the test:fixtures predicate, linking to a description of the test. The test is then described as an <test:AutomatedTest>, and it's purpose is declared. It then links to its concrete implementation, which is given in the last three triples in the above.

Then, the parameterization is started. In this example, there are two HTTP request-response pairs, which are given as a list object to the test:steps predicate.

To link the request, the test:request predicate is used, to link the asserted response, the test:response_assertion predicate is used.

Next, we look into the actual request and response messages linked from the above:

:public_writeread_unauthn_alt_put_req a http:RequestMessage ;
   http:method "PUT" ;
   httph:content_type "text/turtle" ;
   http:content "</public/foobar.ttl#dahut> a <http://example.org/Cryptid> ." ;
   http:requestURI </public/foobar.ttl> .

:public_writeread_unauthn_alt_put_res a http:ResponseMessage ;
   http:status 201 .

:public_writeread_unauthn_alt_get_req a http:RequestMessage ;
   http:method "GET" ;
   http:requestURI </public/foobar.ttl> .

:public_writeread_unauthn_alt_get_res a http:ResponseMessage ;
   httph:accept_post  "text/turtle", "application/ld+json" ;
   httph:content_type "text/turtle" .

These should be self-explanatory, but note that headers are given with lower-case names and underscores. They will be transformed to headers by replacing underscores with dashes and upcase the first letters.

This module will transform the above to data structures that are suitable to be passed to Test::Fitesque, and the above will appear as

{
       '-special' => {
                                               'http-pairs' => [
                                  {
                                                                                     'request'  => ... ,
                                                                                     'response' => ... ,
                                  },
                                  { ... }
                                 ]
                                                                                },
                                               'description' => 'To test if we can write first using HTTP PUT then read with GET'
                                         },
}

Note that there are more examples in this module's test suite in the t/data/ directory.

You may maintain client state in a test script (i.e. for one test:AutomatedTest, as it is simply one script, so the result of one request may be used to influence the next. Server state can be relied on between different tests by using an rdf:List of test fixtures if it writes something into the server, there is nothing in the framework that changes that.

To use data from one response to influence subsequent requests, the framework supports datatyping literals with the dqm:regex datatype for headers and HTTP status codes, for example:

:check_acl_location_res a http:ResponseMessage ;
   httph:link '<(.*?)>;\\s+rel="acl"'^^dqm:regex ;
   http:status "200|204"^^dqm:regex .

This makes it possible to use a Perl regular expression, which can be executed in a test script if desired. If present, it will supply another hashref to the http-pairs key with the key regex-fields containing hashrefs with the header field that had a correspondiing object datatyped regex as key and simply 1 as value.

TODO

Separate the implementation-specific details (such as deps:test-requirement) from the actual fixture tables.

BUGS

Please report any bugs to https://github.com/kjetilk/p5-test-fitesque-rdf/issues.

SEE ALSO

AUTHOR

Kjetil Kjernsmo [email protected].

COPYRIGHT AND LICENCE

This software is Copyright (c) 2019, 2020 by Inrupt Inc.

This is free software, licensed under:

The MIT (X11) License

DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTIES

THIS PACKAGE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTIBILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.