Cleans up typos in notes

index.html

@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ <h3> Crystallography </h3>
 		<img src="public/images/breakingbad.jpg" height="50%" width="50%"> 
 		<p> "A substance in which the constituent atoms, molecules or ions are packed in a regularly ordered three-dimensional pattern."  <p style= "color:yellow">-Walter White</p> 
 		<aside class='notes'> We tend to assume that Nature is efficient and organizes itself for stability.  The hypothesis that crystals are formed by a periodic arrangement of unit cells was the starting
-			point for the development of modern crystallography.  Pure crystals were therefore believed to be made up of regularly-repeating components in the structure of a lattice in space. Regularly repeating is a key term here.  For a long time, it was believed that the pattern was periodic.  Note that things are not crystals are glass and silicone.</aside>
+			point for the development of modern crystallography.  Pure crystals were therefore believed to be made up of regularly-repeating components in the structure of a lattice in space. Regularly repeating is a key term here.  For a long time, it was believed that the pattern was periodic. </aside>
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 	<section> 
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ <h3> Crystallography </h3>
 		<p class="titleText"> Why is symmetry important?</p>
 		<p>The symmetries in the arrangement of atoms can help us understand the properties of the materials.</p>
 		<img src="public/images/diamon-graphite.png" height="300px"/>
-		<aside class='notes'> Elements can have very different properties based on how they are stacked together.  Take for example graphite and diamond, both made up of just carbon but how carbon atoms are combined produces very different results. </aside>
+		<aside class='notes'> Elements can have very different properties based on how they are stacked together.  Take for example graphite and diamond, both made up of just carbon but how the carbon atoms are combined produces very different results. </aside>
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     <section>
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ <h3> Crystallography </h3>
 			<!-- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10365170/pdf/10.3184_003685017X14858694684395.pdf -->
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-	<aside class='notes'> Let's take the example of a salt crystal.  If we consider the front plane of the crystal we can investigate some of the symmetries it posseses.  On the left we have an electron diffraction pattern, this is a tool crystallographers use to identify crystals and determine their symmetries.  The bright spots are called Bragg peak, and indicate places that have defracted from the crystal, this is one way to determine that we have a crystal sample.  For example, for an material such as glass whic his not considered crystaline, the diffraction pattern would look like noise.  In this case, salt has four fold symmetry, this means that if the diffraction pattern were to be rotated by a 1/4 of a turn or 90 degrees about the axis coming into the center of this image, it would look as if it had not been moved at all.  The rotated pattern would fall right on top of the original.And in fact, this can be proved mathematically. </aside>
+	<aside class='notes'> As another example, let's take a look at a salt crystal.  If we consider the front plane of the crystal we can investigate some of the symmetries it posseses.  On the left we have an electron diffraction pattern, this is a tool crystallographers use to identify crystals and determine their symmetries.  The bright spots are called Bragg peaks, and indicate places that have defracted from the crystal, this is one way to determine that we have a crystal sample.  For example, for a material such as glass which is not considered crystaline, the diffraction pattern would look like noise.  In this case, salt has four fold symmetry, this means that if the diffraction pattern were to be rotated by a 1/4 of a turn or 90 degrees about the axis coming into the center of this image, it would look as if it had not been moved at all.  The rotated pattern would fall right on top of the original.And in fact, this can be proved mathematically. </aside>
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 	<section>
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ <h3> Crystallography </h3>
 
 		<div class='pelements'>  <img src="public/images/quasicrystalpentagon.jpg"  height="100%" width="100%" align='left'> <a href=http://www.veronicaberns.com/atomicsizematters target="_blank">A comic-al story </a> </div>
 
-		<aside class='notes'> The story begins in 1982 with a chemist who was studying rapidly solidified aluminum transition metal alloys, when he stumbled upon this alloy of aluminum and manganese on the right. </aside>
+		<aside class='notes'> Our story here, begins in 1982 with Dan Schechtman, a chemist who was studying rapidly solidified aluminum transition metal alloys, when he stumbled upon this alloy of aluminum and manganese on the right. </aside>
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 	<section>
@@ -156,19 +156,19 @@ <h3> Crystallography </h3>
 		<blockquote class="fragment fade-in" style ="font-size: 70px; color: #710000" cite='Pauling'> "There are no quasicrystals, only quasiscientists." <footer style ="font-size: 40px"> Linus Pauling  </footer></blockquote> 
 		<iframe src="https://giphy.com/embed/pyFsc5uv5WPXN9Ocki" width="480" height="480" frameBorder="0" class="giphy-embed" allowFullScreen></iframe>
 		<aside class='notes'>  Shechtman’s research group told him to ”go back and read [a first year chemisty] textbook” and a couple of days later ”asked him to leave for ’bringing
-		disgrace’ on the team.” <br> "For a long time it was me against the world," said Dan Shechtman. "I was a subject of ridicule and lectured about the basics of crystallography. The leader of the opposition to my findings was the two-time Nobel Laureate (one for chemistry and one for peace) Linus Pauling, the idol of the American Chemical Society and one of the most famous scientists in the world.  Pauling called for an end to the testing of nuclear weapons but also an end to war itself. He proposed that a World Peace Research Organization be set up as part of the United Nations to "attack the problem of preserving the peace".  He did do some amazing things for peace, he just didn't believe in the existence of quasicrystals
+		disgrace’ on the team.” <br> "For a long time it was me against the world," said Dan Shechtman. "I was a subject of ridicule and lectured about the basics of crystallography. The leader of the opposition to my findings was the two-time Nobel Laureate (one for chemistry and one for peace) Linus Pauling, the idol of the American Chemical Society and one of the most famous scientists in the world.  Pauling, of course, is not all bad.  His nobel prize in peace was because he called for an end to the testing of nuclear weapons and war itself. He proposed a part of the UN be set up to "attack the problem of preserving the peace".  He did do some amazing things for peace, he just didn't believe in the existence of quasicrystals
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 <!-- https://www.theguardian.com/science/2013/jan/06/dan-shechtman-nobel-prize-chemistry-interview -->
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 		<p class="titleText"> A paradigm shift </p>
-		<blockquote class = 'fragment' data-fragment-index='3' style ="font-size: 50px; color: #554CAA; margin: 100px;">"Danny, this material is telling us something and I challenge you to find out what it is." -John W. Cahn </blockquote>
+		<blockquote class = 'fragment' data-fragment-index='3' style ="font-size: 50px; color: #554CAA; margin: 100px;">"Danny, this material is telling us something and I challenge you to find out what it is." <br> -John W. Cahn </blockquote>
 <br> <br>
 		<!-- <p class = 'fragment' data-fragment-index='2' style='font-size:35px'> New definition: Any solid having an essentially discrete diffraction diagram.</p> 	 -->
 		<aside class='notes'> 
-		In spite of all this, Dan says that the experience was not as traumatic as it sounded. Scientists around the world had quickly replicated Shechtman's discovery and, had found crystal-like materials with 7 fold, 8-fold, 12-fold etc symmetry. The field of crystallography was experiencing a paradigm shift and there was a need to redefine how we think of crystals.  Dan Shechtman was urged by his collaborators to dig deeper.  </aside> 
+		In spite of all this, Dan says that the experience was not as traumatic as it sounded. Scientists around the world had quickly replicated Shechtman's discovery and, had found crystal-like materials with 8-fold, 12-fold etc symmetry. The field of crystallography was experiencing a paradigm shift and there was a need to redefine how we think of crystals.  Dan Shechtman was urged by his collaborators to dig deeper.  </aside> 
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 	<section>
@@ -203,7 +203,7 @@ <h3> Crystallography </h3>
 		<p> In 1966, Wang's student Berger proved that no algorithm for the problem can exist, by showing its equivalence to the Halting problem.  </p> 
 		</div>  
 		<p style='color:#5DADE2'> This meant, that there must exist a finite set of tiles that tiles the plane, but only non-periodically. </p>
-		<aside class='notes' >Wang's student proved the conjecture was false.  There is no algorithm to decide whether a set of tiles can tile the plane.  This also meant that there is a set of tiles the can ONLY tile the plane aperiodically.  Berger created such a tiling using over 20,000 tiles.  He later narrowed the number of tiles to 104.  At this point, the race was on to decrease the number of tiles in a set that can only tile the plane aperiodically.  An amateur mathematician, Ammann, decreased the number to 6!  And finally, a mathematical physicist was able to find an aperiodic tiling with just two tiles, his name is Roger Penrose.  For a long time it was thought this was the minimum set of set of tiles, but last year, in 2023, David Smith, who is not a professional mathematician, found a single tile that can tile the plane aperiodically.  
+		<aside class='notes'> Wang's student proved the conjecture was false.  There is no algorithm to decide whether a set of tiles can tile the plane.  This also meant that there is a set of tiles the can ONLY tile the plane aperiodically.  Berger created such a tiling using over 20,000 tiles.  He later narrowed the number of tiles to 104.  At this point, the race was on to decrease the number of tiles in a set that can only tile the plane aperiodically.  An amateur mathematician, Ammann, decreased the number to 6!  And finally, a mathematical physicist was able to find an aperiodic tiling with just two tiles, his name is Roger Penrose.  For a long time it was thought this was the minimum set of set of tiles, but last year, in 2023, David Smith, who is not a professional mathematician, found a single tile that can tile the plane aperiodically.  
 		<ul> 
 			<li> (1960s) Berger's 20,000+tiles </li> 
 			<li> Berger 104 </li>